ArticleJournal of pediatric orthopedics2013
Ketorolac administration does not delay early fracture healing in a juvenile rat model: a pilot study.
Article in Journal of pediatric orthopedics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03727048 (Effect of Toradol on Post-operative Foot and Ankle Healing), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Toradol on Post-operative Foot and Ankle Healing
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and bone healing in animal models-a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- The effect of NSAIDs on spinal fusion: a cross-disciplinary review of biochemical, animal, and human studies.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2017Pooled it
- Postoperative Intravenous Ketorolac Does Not Affect Nonunion Risk in Surgically Treated Long Bone Shaft Fractures.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2026Article
- Do Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Adversely Impact Fracture Healing? A Critical Review of the Literature.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2025Review
- The Effects of Phenyramidol and Diclofenac Treatment on Fracture Healing in Rats.Clinics in orthopedic surgery · 2024Article
- The Effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Union Rates Following Joint Arthrodesis: A Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2024Review
- Ketorolac and bone healing: a review of the basic science and clinical literature.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2024Review
- Comparison of the rate of delayed/nonunion in fifth metatarsal fractures receiving anti-inflammatory medications.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2021Article
- NSAID Use and Effects on Pediatric Bone Healing: A Review of Current Literature.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- How Does Perioperative Ketorolac Affect Opioid Consumption and Pain Management After Ankle Fracture Surgery?Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effective at controlling pain in children, especially in the treatment of fractures. Adult animal and adult clinical studies demonstrate conflicting evidence for the inhibitory relationship between NSAIDs and fracture healing. Published pediatric orthopaedic clinical studies do not demonstrate an inhibitory effect of ketorolac on bone healing. Little is known about the effects of any NSAID on bone formation in juvenile animals. This study investigates the effects of the NSAID ketorolac on fracture healing in a juvenile rat model.
methodsUnilateral surgically induced and stabilized tibial shaft fractures were created in 45 juvenile (3 to 4 wk old) male Sprague-Dawley rats. Either ketorolac (5 mg/kg; n=24) or saline (0.9% normal saline; n=21) was then administered to the rats 6 d/wk by intraperitoneal injections. Animals were then randomly assigned into time groups and euthanized at 7 days (n=8 ketorolac, n=7 saline), 14 days (n=8 ketorolac, n=7 saline), or 21 days (n=8 ketorolac, n=7 saline) postfracture. Biomechanical analysis was performed using a custom-designed 4-point bending loading apparatus. Statistics for tibial stiffness and strength data were performed using software package Systat 11. Specimens were also evaluated histologically using hematoxylin and eosin staining.
resultsStrength and stiffness of all fractured tibiae increased over time from day 7 to day 21 regardless of treatment type. No statistical difference was found between the fractured tibiae strength or stiffness in the ketorolac or control-treated specimens at the same time point. In addition, the quality of the fracture callus was similar in both groups at each of the time points.
conclusionsIn this study of a juvenile rat model with a stabilized tibia fracture, fracture callus strength, stiffness, and histologic characteristics were not affected by the administration of ketorolac during the first 21 days of fracture healing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The absence of inhibitory effects of ketorolac on early juvenile rat fracture healing supports the clinical practice of utilizing NSAIDs for analgesia in children with long bone fractures.
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