Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23651838›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2013

Toxoplasma gondii cathepsin proteases are undeveloped prominent vaccine antigens against toxoplasmosis.

Guanghui Zhao, Aihua Zhou, Gang Lv, Min Meng, Min Sun, Yang Bai, Yali Han, Lin Wang, Huaiyu Zhou, Hua Cong and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Introducing a new anti-Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2021
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Identification ofVaccines · 2020
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Cysteine proteases in protozoan parasites.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. The effect of chitosan nanospheres on the immunogenicity of Toxoplasma lysate vaccine in mice.Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2016
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Guanghui ZhaoDepartment of Parasitology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, P R China. zhouah@sdu.edu.cn
Aihua Zhou
Gang Lv
Min Meng
Min Sun
Yang Bai
Yali Han
Lin Wang
Huaiyu Zhou
Hua Cong
Qunli Zhao
Xing-Quan Zhu
Shenyi He

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundToxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite, infects a wide range of warm-blooded animals including humans. T. gondii expresses five members of the C1 family of cysteine proteases, including cathepsin B-like (TgCPB) and cathepsin L-like (TgCPL) proteins. TgCPB is involved in ROP protein maturation and parasite invasion, whereas TgCPL contributes to proteolytic maturation of proTgM2AP and proTgMIC3. TgCPL is also associated with the residual body in the parasitophorous vacuole after cell division has occurred. Both of these proteases are potential therapeutic targets in T. gondii. The aim of this study was to investigate TgCPB and TgCPL for their potential as DNA vaccines against T. gondii.

methodsUsing bioinformatics approaches, we analyzed TgCPB and TgCPL proteins and identified several linear-B cell epitopes and potential Th-cell epitopes in them. Based on these results, we assembled two single-gene constructs (TgCPB and TgCPL) and a multi-gene construct (pTgCPB/TgCPL) with which to immunize BALB/c mice and test their effectiveness as DNA vaccines.

resultsTgCPB and TgCPL vaccines elicited strong humoral and cellular immune responses in mice, both of which were Th-1 cell mediated. In addition, all of the vaccines protected the mice against infection with virulent T. gondii RH tachyzoites, with the multi-gene vaccine (pTgCPB/TgCPL) providing the highest level of protection.

conclusionsT. gondii CPB and CPL proteases are strong candidates for development as novel DNA vaccines.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, ProtozoanAntigens, ProtozoanCathepsinsComputational BiologyCytokinesEpitopesFemaleFluorescent Antibody TechniqueHEK293 CellsHumansImmunoglobulin GKaplan-Meier EstimateMiceMice, Inbred BALB CProtozoan ProteinsAntibodies, ProtozoanAntigens, ProtozoanCathepsinsCytokinesEpitopesImmunoglobulin GProtozoan ProteinsProtozoan VaccinesVaccines, DNA

Identifiers

PMID23651838
PMCPMC3659040

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.