ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013
STAT4-dependent and -independent Th2 responses correlate with protective immunity against lung infection with Pneumocystis murina.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune responses of different hosts toEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Review
- Deficiencies and Dysregulation of STAT Pathways That Drive Inborn Errors of Immunity: Lessons from Patients and Mouse Models of Disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Review
- Supplementary Role of Immunological Indicators in the Diagnosis and Prognosis ofInfection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Bias of the Immune Response toJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Oral mycobiome identification in atopic dermatitis, leukemia, and HIV patients - a systematic review.Journal of oral microbiology · 2020Review
- The Contribution of Host Cells toPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Circulating and Pulmonary T-cell Populations Driving the Immune Response in Non-HIV Immunocompromised Patients withInternational journal of medical sciences · 2019Article
- The trophic life cycle stage of Pneumocystis species induces protective adaptive responses without inflammation-mediated progression to pneumonia.Medical mycology · 2018Article
- Helper T-cell responses and pulmonary fungal infections.Immunology · 2018Review
- New advances in understanding the host immune response to Pneumocystis.Current opinion in microbiology · 2017Review
- The Trophic Life Cycle Stage of the Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen Pneumocystis murina Hinders the Ability of Dendritic Cells To Stimulate CD4Infection and immunity · 2017Article
- Pneumocystis infection alters the activation state of pulmonary macrophages.Immunobiology · 2017Article
- STAT4 is required for the generation of Th1 and Th2, but not Th17 immune responses during monophosphoryl lipid A adjuvant activity.International immunology · 2016Article
- The life cycle stages of Pneumocystis murina have opposing effects on the immune response to this opportunistic, fungal pathogen.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- T cell cytokine signatures: Biomarkers in pediatric multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2016Article
- Neither classical nor alternative macrophage activation is required for Pneumocystis clearance during immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
- Characterization of chemokine and chemokine receptor expression during Pneumocystis infection in healthy and immunodeficient mice.Microbes and infection · 2015Article
- Opportunistic yeast pathogens: reservoirs, virulence mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2015Review
- Classical versus alternative macrophage activation: the Ying and the Yang in host defense against pulmonary fungal infections.Mucosal immunology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although it is clear that the loss of CD4(+) T cells is a predisposing factor for the development of Pneumocystis pneumonia, specific Th mechanisms mediating protection are not well understood. Th1, Th2, and Th17 responses have each been implicated in protective responses during infection. As STAT4 may promote Th1 and Th17 development, yet antagonize Th2 development, we investigated its role in Pneumocystis murina host defense. STAT4 was required for Th1 and, unexpectedly, Th2 responses in the lungs of C57BL/6 (BL/6) and BALB/c mice 14 d postchallenge, but only BALB/c Stat4(-/-) mice demonstrated susceptibility to P. murina lung infection. BL/6 Stat4(-/-), but not BALB/c Stat4(-/-), mice maintained an enhanced alternatively activated (M2) macrophage signature in the lungs, which we have previously reported to be associated with enhanced P. murina clearance. In addition, anti-P. murina class-switched Abs were increased in BL/6 Stat4(-/-) mice, but not BALB/c Stat4(-/-) mice. Supporting our experimental observations, plasma from HIV-infected individuals colonized with Pneumocystis jirovecii contained significantly lower levels of the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 compared with HIV-infected individuals who were not colonized. Collectively, our data suggest that robust local and systemic Th2-mediated responses are critical for immunity to Pneumocystis.
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Registered trials
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