Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Role for the kinase SGK1 in stress, depression, and glucocorticoid effects on hippocampal neurogenesis.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 188 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
188 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 319 citations in OpenAlex.
- From placenta to the foetus: a systematic review of in vitro models of stress- and inflammation-induced depression in pregnancy.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Research Progress on the Antidepressant Effects of Baicalin and Its Aglycone Baicalein: A Systematic Review of the Biological Mechanisms.Neurochemical research · 2024Pooled it
- The effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms on depression in combination with coronary diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Acute and long-term effects of adolescence stress exposure on rodent adult hippocampal neurogenesis, cognition, and behaviour.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids protect against inflammation through production of LOX and CYP450 lipid mediators: relevance for major depression and for human hippocampal neurogenesis.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Trial
- TNF-α induces type I IFN signalling to suppress neurogenesis and recruit T cells.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Lactational Serotonergic Perturbation Imprints Stress-Related Transcriptional Profiles in the Adolescent Female Rat Prefrontal Cortex.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Excessive ER-mitochondria coupling: A DRP1-driven mechanism underlying mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired autophagy in stress-induced depression-like behavior in mice.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Psilocybin elicits a conserved glucocorticoid-responsive gene signature across five 5-HT2A receptor-rich brain regions in rat.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2026Article
- Sgk1 upregulation in hippocampus-projecting amygdala neurons underlies the delayed onset of PTSD-like avoidance behavior.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Repeated treatment with short-term mild stress reverses aging- and stress-induced emotional and social behavioral deficits.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Electroacupuncture enhances the effects of escitalopram oxalate on glucocorticoid-inducible genes, inflammation and neurotrophin in depressed patients.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2026Article
- Single-cell characterization of the adult male hippocampus suggests a prominent, and cell-type specific, role for Nrgn and Sgk1 in response to a social stressor.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Stress resilience is associated with transcriptional remodeling in the VTA.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Proteomic analysis of central amygdala systems regulated by mifepristone in the context of alcohol dependence.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Prenatal stress shapes discrete responses during early recovery from repeated adult stress.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Hippocampal SGK1 promotes vulnerability to depression: the role of early life adversity, stress, and genetic risk.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Standardized rice bran supplement ameliorates depressive behaviors via FKBP5 mediated glucocorticoid receptor signaling.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
- Stress resilience is associated with transcriptional remodeling in the VTA.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The dietary ligands, omega-3 fatty acid endocannabinoids and short-chain fatty acids prevent cytokine-induced reduction of human hippocampal neurogenesis and alter the expression of genes involved in neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
128 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Stress and glucocorticoid hormones regulate hippocampal neurogenesis, but the molecular mechanisms mediating these effects are poorly understood. Here we identify the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) target gene, serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1), as one such mechanism. Using a human hippocampal progenitor cell line, we found that a small molecule inhibitor for SGK1, GSK650394, counteracted the cortisol-induced reduction in neurogenesis. Moreover, gene expression and pathway analysis showed that inhibition of the neurogenic Hedgehog pathway by cortisol was SGK1-dependent. SGK1 also potentiated and maintained GR activation in the presence of cortisol, and even after cortisol withdrawal, by increasing GR phosphorylation and GR nuclear translocation. Experiments combining the inhibitor for SGK1, GSK650394, with the GR antagonist, RU486, demonstrated that SGK1 was involved in the cortisol-induced reduction in progenitor proliferation both downstream of GR, by regulating relevant target genes, and upstream of GR, by increasing GR function. Corroborating the relevance of these findings in clinical and rodent settings, we also observed a significant increase of SGK1 mRNA in peripheral blood of drug-free depressed patients, as well as in the hippocampus of rats subjected to either unpredictable chronic mild stress or prenatal stress. Our findings identify SGK1 as a mediator for the effects of cortisol on neurogenesis and GR function, with particular relevance to stress and depression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.