Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23650365›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013

Complex history of the amphibian-killing chytrid fungus revealed with genome resequencing data.

Erica Bree Rosenblum, Timothy Y James, Kelly R Zamudio, Thomas J Poorten, Dan Ilut, David Rodriguez, Jonathan M Eastman, Katy Richards-Hrdlicka, Suzanne Joneson, Thomas S Jenkinson and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 111 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
111citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

111 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Evolution of research on global amphibian declines.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Current Approaches in Genome Assembly of Human Fungal Pathogens.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Diploid-dominant life cycles characterize the early evolution of Fungi.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  20. Article

51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Erica Bree RosenblumDepartment of Environmental Science Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. rosenblum@berkeley.edu
Timothy Y James
Kelly R Zamudio
Thomas J Poorten
Dan Ilut
David Rodriguez
Jonathan M Eastman
Katy Richards-Hrdlicka
Suzanne Joneson
Thomas S Jenkinson
Joyce E Longcore
Gabriela Parra Olea
Luís Felipe Toledo
Maria Luz Arellano
Edgar M Medina
Silvia Restrepo
Sandra Victoria Flechas
Lee Berger
Cheryl J Briggs
Jason E Stajich

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the evolutionary history of microbial pathogens is critical for mitigating the impacts of emerging infectious diseases on economically and ecologically important host species. We used a genome resequencing approach to resolve the evolutionary history of an important microbial pathogen, the chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which has been implicated in amphibian declines worldwide. We sequenced the genomes of 29 isolates of Bd from around the world, with an emphasis on North, Central, and South America because of the devastating effect that Bd has had on amphibian populations in the New World. We found a substantial amount of evolutionary complexity in Bd with deep phylogenetic diversity that predates observed global amphibian declines. By investigating the entire genome, we found that even the most recently evolved Bd clade (termed the global panzootic lineage) contained more genetic variation than previously reported. We also found dramatic differences among isolates and among genomic regions in chromosomal copy number and patterns of heterozygosity, suggesting complex and heterogeneous genome dynamics. Finally, we report evidence for selection acting on the Bd genome, supporting the hypothesis that protease genes are important in evolutionary transitions in this group. Bd is considered an emerging pathogen because of its recent effects on amphibians, but our data indicate that it has a complex evolutionary history that predates recent disease outbreaks. Therefore, it is important to consider the contemporary effects of Bd in a broader evolutionary context and identify specific mechanisms that may have led to shifts in virulence in this system.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionGenetic VariationPhylogenyAmericasAmphibiansAnimalsBase SequenceChytridiomycotaCommunicable Diseases, EmergingCytogenetic AnalysisGenome, FungalHybridization, GeneticMolecular Sequence DataMycosesPolymorphism, Single NucleotideSelection, Genetic

Identifiers

PMID23650365
PMCPMC3677446

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.