ArticlePsychological assessment2013
Distinguishing primary and secondary variants of callous-unemotional traits among adolescents in a clinic-referred sample.
Article in Psychological assessment, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- What is the Best Source of Information for Psychopathic Traits in Youth? A Review and Meta-analysis of Self- and Other-Reported Psychopathic Traits and Their Association with Negative Outcomes.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2023Pooled it
- Emotion processing in youths with conduct problems: an fMRI meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Primary and Secondary Callous-Unemotional Traits and Psychopathy Variants in Youth.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2021Pooled it
- Validation of the Clinical Assessment of Prosocial Emotions (CAPE) and Subtype Differentiation of Callous-Unemotional Traits in Children and Adolescents: A Study Protocol.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The nature and nurture of primary and secondary callous-unemotional traits: evidence from two independent twin samples.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Latent Profiles of Callous Unemotional Traits and Conduct Problems in Clinically Referred Youth.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2026Article
- White matter microstructure of the cingulum bundle and the uncinate fasciculus in primary and secondary callous-unemotional traits.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Decoding emotions: The unique and combined roles of callous-unemotional traits and anxiety in facial emotion recognition in children.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Primary and Secondary Callous-Unemotional Childhood Variants in a Korean Community Sample.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- Independent Impacts of Maltreatment and Amygdala Volume on Worsening Callous-Unemotional Traits in High-Risk Youths.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- Variants of Callous-Unemotional Traits in Middle Childhood: An Investigation of Emotional Regulation, Externalizing Behaviors, and Psychosocial Risk Factors.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Primary and Secondary Variants of Callous-Unemotional Traits in Early and Middle Childhood: Distinction, Evaluation and Empathic Differences.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- Why and When You Should Avoid Using z-scores in Graphs Displaying Profile or Group Differences.Journal for person-oriented research · 2025Article
- The amygdala volume moderates the relationship between childhood maltreatment and callous-unemotional traits in adolescents with conduct disorder.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- A new treatment approach to conduct disorder and callous-unemotional traits: an assessment of the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of Impact VR.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Vocally-Encoded Emotional Arousal as a Marker of Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Sample of Justice-Involved Adolescents.Child psychiatry and human development · 2024Article
- Unique versus shared neural correlates of externalizing psychopathology in late childhood.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2024Article
- Cognitive and affective perspective taking amongst adolescent offenders with variants of callous-unemotional traits.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Restorative Justice and Trauma: Responding to the Needs and Misdeeds of Young People with Trauma Histories.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2024Article
- Callous-Unemotional Traits and Co-occurring Anxiety in Preschool and School-age Children: Investigation of Associations with Family's Socioeconomic Status and Home Chaos.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2024Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
The current study used model-based cluster analyses to determine if there are 2 distinct variants of adolescents (ages 11-18) high on callous-unemotional (CU) traits that differ on their level of anxiety and history of trauma. The sample (n = 272) consisted of clinic-referred youths who were primarily African American (90%) and who came from low-income families. Consistent with hypotheses, 3 clusters emerged, including a group low on CU traits, as well as 2 groups high on CU traits that differed in their level of anxiety and past trauma. Consistent with past research on incarcerated adults and adolescents, the group high on anxiety (i.e., secondary variant) was more likely to have histories of abuse and had higher levels of impulsivity, externalizing behaviors, aggression, and behavioral activation. In contrast, the group low on anxiety (i.e., primary variant) scored lower on a measure of behavioral inhibition. On measures of impulsivity and externalizing behavior, the higher scores for the secondary cluster were found only for self-report measures, not on parent-report measures. Youths in the primary cluster also were perceived as less credible reporters than youths in the secondary cluster (i.e., secondary variant) or cluster low on CU traits. These reporter and credibility differences suggest that adolescents within the primary variant may underreport their level of behavioral disturbance, which has important assessment implications.
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