ArticleMolecular microbiology2013
Conflicting roles for a cell surface modification in Salmonella.
Article in Molecular microbiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- The structures and functions of Salmonella outer membrane.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Enhanced antibacterial activity of antimicrobial peptide-antibiotic combinations against multidrug-resistant bacteria.FEMS microbes · 2026Review
- The dual functions of the GTPase BipA in ribosome assembly and surface structure biogenesis in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Changes in the genomes and methylomes of threeFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Opposing Effects of PhoPQ and PmrAB on the Properties ofBiochemistry · 2021Article
- Making the Enterobacterial Common Antigen Glycan and Measuring Its Substrate Sequestration.ACS chemical biology · 2021Article
- Evidence for Involvement of theFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- LpxT-Dependent Phosphorylation of Lipid A inFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Identification of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa O17 and O15 O-Specific Antigen Biosynthesis Loci Reveals an ABC Transporter-Dependent Synthesis Pathway and Mechanisms of Genetic Diversity.Journal of bacteriology · 2020Article
- Unique Regions of the Polysaccharide Copolymerase WzzJournal of bacteriology · 2019Article
- The Transcription Factor ArcA ModulatesFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Lack of the PGA exopolysaccharide in Salmonella as an adaptive trait for survival in the host.PLoS genetics · 2017Article
- Lipopolysaccharide O antigen size distribution is determined by a chain extension complex of variable stoichiometry in Escherichia coli O9a.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chemical modifications of components of the bacterial cell envelope can enhance resistance to antimicrobial agents. Why then are such modifications produced only under specific conditions? Here, we address this question by examining the role of regulated variations in O-antigen length in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a glycolipid that forms most of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria. We determined that activation of the PmrA/PmrB two-component system, which is the major regulator of LPS alterations in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, impaired growth of Salmonella in bile. This growth defect required the PmrA-activated gene wzz(st), which encodes the protein that determines long O-antigen chain length and confers resistance to complement-mediated killing. By contrast, this growth defect did not require the wzz(fepE) gene, which controls production of very long O-antigen, or other PmrA-activated genes that mediate modifications of lipid A or core regions of the LPS. Additionally, we establish that long O-antigen inhibits growth in bile only in the presence of enterobacterial common antigen, an outer-membrane glycolipid that contributes to bile resistance. Our results suggest that Salmonella regulates the proportion of long O-antigen in its LPS to respond to the different conditions it faces during infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.