Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23645848›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2013

Next-generation whole genome sequencing identifies the direction of norovirus transmission in linked patients.

Samit Kundu, Julianne Lockwood, Daniel P Depledge, Yasmin Chaudhry, Antony Aston, Kanchan Rao, John C Hartley, Ian Goodfellow, Judith Breuer

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
7.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Current infectious disease management challenges in inborn errors of immunity.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Prospective, Real-time Metagenomic Sequencing During Norovirus Outbreak Reveals Discrete Transmission Clusters.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Norovirus Transmission Dynamics in a Pediatric Hospital Using Full Genome Sequences.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Samit KunduDivision of Infection and Immunity, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom. samit.kundu@ucl.ac.uk
Julianne Lockwood
Daniel P Depledge
Yasmin Chaudhry
Antony Aston
Kanchan Rao
John C Hartley
Ian Goodfellow
Judith Breuer
University College London · GBAddenbrooke's Hospital · GBGreat Ormond Street Hospital · GBInstitute of Infection and Immunity · CARoyal London Hospital · GBUniversity of Cambridge · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G0501446Medical Research Council G0700814Medical Research Council G0900950Medical Research Council G9721629Wellcome Trust 097997
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNoroviruses are a highly transmissible and major cause of nosocomial gastroenteritis resulting in bed and hospital-ward closures. Where hospital outbreaks are suspected, it is important to determine the routes of spread so that appropriate infection-control procedures can be implemented. To investigate a cluster of norovirus cases occurring in children undergoing bone marrow transplant, we undertook norovirus genome sequencing by next-generation methods. Detailed comparison of sequence data from 2 linked cases enabled us to identify the likely direction of spread.

methodsNorovirus complementary DNA was amplified by overlapping polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 13 stool samples from 5 diagnostic real-time PCR-positive patients. The amplicons were sequenced by Roche 454, the genomes assembled by de novo assembly, and the data analyzed phylogenetically.

resultsPhylogenetic analysis indicated that patients were infected by viruses similar to 4 distinct GII.4 subtypes and 2 patients were linked by the same virus. Of the 14 sites at which there were differences between the consensus sequences of the 2 linked viral genomes, 9 had minor variants present within one or the other patient. Further analysis confirmed that minor variants at all 9 sites in patient B w ere present as the consensus sequence in patient A.

conclusionsPhylogenetic analysis excluded a common source of infection in this apparent outbreak. Two of 3 patients on the same ward had closely related viruses, raising the possibility of cross-infection despite protective isolation. Analysis of deep sequencing data enabled us to establish the likely direction of nosocomial transmission.

Indexed as

Caliciviridae InfectionsChildChild, PreschoolCluster AnalysisCross InfectionFemaleGastroenteritisGenome, ViralGenotypeHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansInfantMaleMolecular EpidemiologyMolecular Sequence DataNorovirusRNA, Viralnext-generation sequencingnorovirusnosocomial transmissionwhole genome

Identifiers

PMID23645848
PMCPMC3703108
OpenAlexW2132347143

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.