ArticlePsychopharmacology2013
Greater risk sensitivity of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in young smokers than in nonsmokers.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Common and Distinct Neural Mechanisms Underlying Risk Seeking and Risk Aversion: Evidence From the Neuroimaging Meta-Analysis.Human brain mapping · 2025Pooled it
- Adaptations of the balloon analog risk task for neuroimaging settings: a systematic review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Risk-taking in the human brain: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of the balloon analog risk task (BART).Human brain mapping · 2022Pooled it
- Common and separable neural alterations in substance use disorders: A coordinate-based meta-analyses of functional neuroimaging studies in humans.Human brain mapping · 2020Pooled it
- Risky decision-making in individuals with substance use disorder: A meta-analysis and meta-regression review.Psychopharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- Common and distinct brain activity associated with risky and ambiguous decision-making.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Pooled it
- Blunted insula activation reflects increased risk and reward seeking as an interaction of testosterone administration and the MAOA polymorphism.Human brain mapping · 2017Trial
- Sex differences in Cingulo-Opercular activation during risky decision-making in youth with externalizing disorders.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2025Article
- Differences in risk appraisal and neural activity in adolescents with a history of misconduct.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2025Article
- The association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and smoking experience or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke among children and adolescents.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Risky decision-making strategies mediate the relationship between amygdala activity and real-world financial savings among individuals from lower income households: A pilot study.Behavioural brain research · 2022Article
- Chronic tobacco smoking, impaired reward-based decision-making, and role of insular cortex: A comparison between early-onset smokers and late-onset smokers.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Associations Between Smoking Abstinence, Inhibitory Control, and Smoking Behavior: An fMRI Study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Neural processes during adolescent risky decision making are associated with conformity to peer influence.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2020Article
- Test-retest reliability of brain responses to risk-taking during the balloon analogue risk task.NeuroImage · 2020Article
- Culture Modulates the Neural Correlates Underlying Risky Exploration.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2019Article
- Reward and executive control network resting-state functional connectivity is associated with impulsivity during reward-based decision making for cocaine users.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Article
- History of Suicide Attempt Is Associated with Reduced Medial Prefrontal Cortex Activity during Emotional Decision-Making among Men with Schizophrenia: An Exploratory fMRI Study.Schizophrenia research and treatment · 2018Article
- Smoking, psychiatric illness and the brain.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN · 2017Article
- Links between parental depression and longitudinal changes in youths' neural sensitivity to rewards.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleDespite a national reduction in the prevalence of cigarette smoking, ~19% of the adult US population persists in this behavior, with the highest prevalence among 18-25-year-olds. Given that the choice to smoke imposes a known health risk, clarification of brain function related to decision-making, particularly involving risk-taking, in smokers may inform prevention and smoking cessation strategies.
objectivesThis study aimed to compare brain function related to decision-making in young smokers and nonsmokers.
methodsThe Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) is a computerized risky decision-making task in which participants pump virtual balloons, each pump associated with an incremental increase in potential payoff on a given trial but also with greater risk of balloon explosion and loss of payoff. We used this task to compare brain activation associated with risky decision-making in smokers (n = 18) and nonsmokers (n = 25), while they performed the BART during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The participants were young men and women, 17-21 years of age.
resultsRisk level (number of pumps) modulated brain activation in the right dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices more in smokers than in nonsmokers, and smoking severity (Heaviness of Smoking Index) was positively related to this modulation in an adjacent frontal region.
conclusionsGiven evidence for involvement of the right dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices in inhibitory control, these findings suggest that young smokers have a different contribution of prefrontal cortical substrates to risky decision-making than nonsmokers. Future studies are warranted to determine whether the observed neurobiological differences precede or result from smoking.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.