ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2013
eXclusion: toward integrating the X chromosome in genome-wide association analyses.
Article in American journal of human genetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 140 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
140 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of genetic variation on X chromosome with systemic lupus erythematosus in both Thai and Chinese populations.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Canadian COVID-19 host genetics cohort replicates known severity associations.PLoS genetics · 2024Pooled it
- X chromosome associations with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and related phenotypes: an X chromosome-wide association study.Respiratory research · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review of analytical methods used in genetic association analysis of the X-chromosome.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic review reveals multiple sexually antagonistic polymorphisms affecting human disease and complex traits.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2021Pooled it
- Common X-Chromosome Variants Are Associated with Parkinson Disease Risk.Annals of neurology · 2021Pooled it
- No Association of Coronary Artery Disease with X-Chromosomal Variants in Comprehensive International Meta-Analysis.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Genome-wide association study of 40,000 individuals identifies two novel loci associated with bipolar disorder.Human molecular genetics · 2016Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of 120 246 individuals identifies 18 new loci for fibrinogen concentration.Human molecular genetics · 2016Pooled it
- X chromosome-wide association studies for quantitative trait loci based on the mixture of general pedigrees and additional unrelated individuals.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- X-chromosomal genetic variants and haplotype analysis in male cerebral palsy patients: insights into genetic susceptibility and sex-specific risk.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2026Article
- Modeling rare coding variation on chromosome X provides insight into the genetics and differential sex prevalence of autism spectrum disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- The intersection of disorders of sex development and cardiovascular diseases.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- The gut-heart axis in coronary artery disease: a scoping and narrative review of sex-based microbial and metabolic disparities.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Insights into X-Linked Susceptibility to Parkinson's Disease in the South African Population.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- X chromosome inactivation across primary human tissues is mostly complete, with significant implications for genetic and clinical studies.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Reproducible autosomal gene expression changes with loss of typical X and Y complement across tumor types.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Sex Bias in Autoimmunity: New Findings and New Opportunities.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Review
- Genetic Analysis of the X Chromosome Associates Loci with Progression of Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
- Strategies for studying sex differences in brain aging.Trends in genetics : TIG · 2025Review
80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The X chromosome lags behind autosomal chromosomes in genome-wide association study (GWAS) findings. Indeed, the X chromosome is commonly excluded from GWAS analyses despite being assayed on all current GWAS microarray platforms. This raises the question: why are so few hits reported on the X chromosome? This commentary aims to examine this question through review of the current X chromosome results in the National Human Genome Research Institute Catalog of Published Genome-Wide Association Studies (NHGRI GWAS Catalog). It will also investigate commonly cited reasons for exclusion of the X chromosome from GWAS and review the tools currently available for X chromosome analysis. It will conclude with recommendations for incorporating X chromosome analyses in future studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.