Trial reportThe American journal of psychiatry2013
Adapting smoking cessation treatment according to initial response to precessation nicotine patch.
Trial report in The American journal of psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Korean Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (KSRNT) and National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA) on Treatment of Tobacco Use 2024.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Guideline
- Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Cessation classification likelihood increases with higher expired-air carbon monoxide cutoffs: a meta-analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Pooled it
- Antidepressants for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Smoking cessation interventions for potential use in the lung cancer screening setting: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2019Pooled it
- Statistical design and analysis in trials of proportionate interventions: a systematic review.Trials · 2019Pooled it
- Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Antidepressants for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Evaluating mediators of the effect of varenicline preloading on smoking abstinence in a randomized controlled trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Trial
- Adaptive Smoking Cessation Using Precessation Varenicline or Nicotine Patch: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Multiple Pharmacotherapy Adaptations for Smoking Cessation Based on Treatment Response in Black Adults Who Smoke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Assessment of Racial Differences in Pharmacotherapy Efficacy for Smoking Cessation: Secondary Analysis of the EAGLES Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2021Trial
- Effect of Long-term Nicotine Replacement Therapy vs Standard Smoking Cessation for Smokers With Chronic Lung Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2018Trial
- Effects on abstinence of nicotine patch treatment before quitting smoking: parallel, two arm, pragmatic randomised trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2018Trial
- The effectiveness and safety of combining varenicline with nicotine e-cigarettes for smoking cessation in people with mental illnesses and addictions: study protocol for a randomised-controlled trial.BMC public health · 2018Trial
- Combination Varenicline/Bupropion Treatment Benefits Highly Dependent Smokers in an Adaptive Smoking Cessation Paradigm.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017Trial
- What a difference a day makes: differences in initial abstinence response during a smoking cessation attempt.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2017Trial
- Does Extended Pre Quit Bupropion Aid in Extinguishing Smoking Behavior?Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2015Trial
- Combination treatment with varenicline and bupropion in an adaptive smoking cessation paradigm.The American journal of psychiatry · 2014Trial
- An exploratory examination of the mechanisms through which pre-quit patch use aids smoking cessation.Psychopharmacology · 2014Trial
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors evaluated an adaptive smoking cessation treatment strategy in which nicotine patch treatment was initiated before a quit date, and then, depending on initial therapeutic response, either the nicotine patch was continued or alternative pharmacotherapies were provided. METHOD The study was a double-blind, parallel-arm adaptive treatment trial. A total of 606 cigarette smokers started open-label nicotine patch treatment 2 weeks before the quit date. Those whose ad lib smoking did not decrease by >50% after 1 week were randomly assigned to one of three double-blind treatments: nicotine patch alone (control condition); "rescue" treatment with bupropion augmentation of the patch; or rescue treatment with varenicline alone. Participants whose precessation smoking decreased >50% but who lapsed after the quit date were also randomly assigned to the two rescue treatments or to nicotine patch alone. Logistic regression analyses compared each rescue treatment against the control condition in terms of abstinence at the end of treatment (weeks 8-11) and at 6 months. RESULTS Smokers who did not respond adequately to precessation nicotine patch benefited from bupropion augmentation; abstinence rates at end of treatment were 16% with nicotine patch alone and 28% with bupropion augmentation (odds ratio=2.04, 95% CI=1.03-4.01). Switching to varenicline produced less robust effects, but point abstinence at 6 months was 6.6% with the patch alone and 16.5% with a switch to varenicline (odds ratio=2.80, 95% CI=1.11-7.06). Postquit adaptive changes in treatment had no significant effects on any abstinence outcome. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to rescue a significant portion of smokers who would have failed to achieve abstinence if left on nicotine patch alone by identifying these smokers before their quit date and implementing adaptive changes in treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.