Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23639434›Full record

ReviewNeuropharmacology2014

Antecedents and consequences of drug abuse in rats selectively bred for high and low response to novelty.

Shelly B Flagel, Maria Waselus, Sarah M Clinton, Stanley J Watson, Huda Akil

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neuropharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
92citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

92 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Drawbacks to Strengthening Neural Salience Encoding: A Link Between Cortisol and Risky Drinking.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Locomotor Response to Novelty: What Does It Tell Us?Developmental psychobiology · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Advancing preclinical chronic stress models to promote therapeutic discovery for human stress disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Shelly B FlagelMolecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, 205 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: sflagel@umich.edu.
Maria Waselus
Sarah M Clinton
Stanley J Watson
Huda Akil
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

FOREBRAIN OVEREXPRESSION OF A STRESS-RELATED GENEP01DA021633 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI AKIL, HUDA · 2007 to 2011
$6.2M
Can Affective Resilience be Enhanced? A Developmental and Epigenetic ApproachR01MH104261 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI AKIL, HUDA, WATSON, STANLEY J · 2014 to 2018
$2.8M
Individual Differences in Incentive Salience Attribution: Relevance to AddictionR03DA024768 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI FLAGEL, SHELLY BETH · 2009 to 2010
$152k
NIDA NIH HHS 5P01DA021633NIDA NIH HHS P01 DA021633NIDA NIH HHS R03 DA024768NIDA NIH HHS R03DA024768NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH104261
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human genetic and epidemiological studies provide evidence that only a subset of individuals who experiment with potentially addictive drugs become addicts. What renders some individuals susceptible to addiction remains to be determined, but most would agree that there is no single trait underlying the disorder. However, there is evidence in humans that addiction liability has a genetic component, and that certain personality characteristics related to temperament (e.g. the sensation-seeking trait) are associated with individual differences in addiction liability. Consequently, we have used a selective breeding strategy based on locomotor response to a novel environment to generate two lines of rats with distinct behavioral characteristics. We have found that the resulting phenotypes differ on a number of neurobehavioral dimensions relevant to addiction. Relative to bred low-responder (bLR) rats, bred high-responder (bHR) rats exhibit increased exploratory behavior, are more impulsive, more aggressive, seek stimuli associated with rewards, and show a greater tendency to relapse. We therefore utilize this unique animal model to parse the genetic, neural and environmental factors that contribute to addiction liability. Our work shows that the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), dopaminergic molecules, and members of the fibroblast growth factor family are among the neurotransmitters and neuromodulators that play a role in both the initial susceptibility to addiction as well as the altered neural responses that follow chronic drug exposure. Moreover, our findings suggest that the hippocampus plays a major role in mediating vulnerability to addiction. It is hoped that this work will emphasize the importance of personalized treatment strategies and identify novel therapeutic targets for humans suffering from addictive disorders. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'NIDA 40th Anniversary Issue'.

Indexed as

AnimalsDisease Models, AnimalExploratory BehaviorHumansMaze LearningPersonalityRatsSubstance-Related DisordersAddictionCocaineDopamineFibroblast growth factor (FGF)High-responderLow-responderNovelty-seekingSelectively bred

Identifiers

PMID23639434
PMCPMC3766490
OpenAlexW2025186945

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.