Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23639185›Full record

ArticleGeneral hospital psychiatry

Pain conditions among veterans with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

Denis G Birgenheir, Mark A Ilgen, Amy S B Bohnert, Kristen M Abraham, Nicholas W Bowersox, Karen Austin, Amy M Kilbourne

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in General hospital psychiatry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Patterns of shared genetic risk between chronic pain, psychopathologies, and neuroticism.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Pain in women with and without bipolar spectrum disorder.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Observational
  11. Article
  12. Drug Safety and Suicidality Risk of Chronic Pain Medications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Observational
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Identifying cases of chronic pain using health administrative data: A validation study.Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur · 2020
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Denis G BirgenheirVA Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: denisbir@umich.edu.
Mark A Ilgen
Amy S B Bohnert
Kristen M Abraham
Nicholas W Bowersox
Karen Austin
Amy M Kilbourne
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USVA Ann Arbor Healthcare System · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess the rates of chronic, noncancer pain conditions in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) System.

methodThis cross-sectional study used administrative data extracted from VHA treatment records of all individuals receiving VHA services in fiscal year 2008 (N=5,195,551). The associations between severe psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia and bipolar disorder) and chronic pain (arthritis, back pain, chronic pain, migraine, headache, psychogenic and neuropathic) were evaluated using a series of logistic regression analyses.

resultsVeterans with schizophrenia [odds ratio (OR)=1.21] and bipolar disorder (OR=2.17) were significantly more likely to have chronic pain overall relative to veterans without these psychiatric conditions. These associations were slightly lower than for the association between depression and pain in this sample (OR=2.61). The highest associations between specific psychiatric diagnosis and pain condition were found with chronic pain, headache and psychogenic pain.

conclusionsNoncancer pain conditions occur in elevated rates among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Future research could further examine possible barriers to adequate pain treatment among people with serious mental illness, as well as the extent to which chronic pain might impact mental health recovery.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overBipolar DisorderChronic PainCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPain MeasurementPrevalenceSchizophreniaUnited StatesVeteransBipolarChronic painSchizophreniaVeterans

Identifiers

PMID23639185
OpenAlexW2068965707

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.