ArticleJournal of virology2013
Hypervariable domain of nonstructural protein nsP3 of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus determines cell-specific mode of virus replication.
Article in Journal of virology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- The life cycle of the alphaviruses: From an antiviral perspective.Antiviral research · 2023Pooled it
- Alphavirus replicase and regulatory RNA elements in host interactions and viral vector engineering.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Alphavirus nsP3 as a multifunctional orchestrator of virus-host interplay.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus: novel live-attenuated vaccines for inducing complete protective immunity.Npj viruses · 2026Review
- Trans-complementation of chikungunya virus replicase mutants reveals alphavirus replication complexity and supports antiviral tool development.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Live Imaging and Interactome Analysis of Zika and Chikungunya Viral RNAs Via Dual-Action Aptamer Tag.Research square · 2025Article
- Emergence of ECSA-IOL E1-K211E/E2-V264A Lineage of Chikungunya virus during Malaysian 2021 outbreak.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- RNA structures within Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus E1 alter macrophage replication fitness and contribute to viral emergence.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Phylogenetic and Mutation Analysis of the Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Sequence Isolated in Costa Rica from a Mare with Encephalitis.Veterinary sciences · 2022Article
- Genomic and In Vitro Phenotypic Comparisons of Epidemic and Non-Epidemic Getah Virus Strains.Viruses · 2022Article
- Molecular Virology of Chikungunya Virus.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2022Review
- Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus V3526 Vaccine RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Mutants Increase Vaccine Safety Through Restricted Tissue Tropism in a Murine Model.Zoonoses (Shannon, Ireland) · 2022Article
- Article
- NAP1L1 and NAP1L4 Binding to Hypervariable Domain of Chikungunya Virus nsP3 Protein Is Bivalent and Requires Phosphorylation.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Review
- Phosphorylation Sites in the Hypervariable Domain in Chikungunya Virus nsP3 Are Crucial for Viral Replication.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- A Tale of 20 Alphaviruses; Inter-species Diversity and Conserved Interactions Between Viral Non-structural Protein 3 and Stress Granule Proteins.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Novel NMR Assignment Strategy Reveals Structural Heterogeneity in Solution of the nsP3 HVD Domain of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Structural and Functional Characterization of Host FHL1 Protein Interaction with Hypervariable Domain of Chikungunya Virus nsP3 Protein.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is one of the most pathogenic members of the Alphavirus genus in the Togaviridae family. This genus is divided into the Old World and New World alphaviruses, which demonstrate profound differences in pathogenesis, replication, and virus-host interactions. VEEV is a representative member of the New World alphaviruses. The biology of this virus is still insufficiently understood, particularly the function of its nonstructural proteins in RNA replication and modification of the intracellular environment. One of these nonstructural proteins, nsP3, contains a hypervariable domain (HVD), which demonstrates very low overall similarity between different alphaviruses, suggesting the possibility of its function in virus adaptation to different hosts and vectors. The results of our study demonstrate the following. (i) Phosphorylation of the VEEV nsP3-specific HVD does not play a critical role in virus replication in cells of vertebrate origin but is important for virus replication in mosquito cells. (ii) The VEEV HVD is not required for viral RNA replication in the highly permissive BHK-21 cell line. In fact, it can be either completely deleted or replaced by a heterologous protein sequence. These variants require only one or two additional adaptive mutations in nsP3 and/or nsP2 proteins to achieve an efficiently replicating phenotype. (iii) However, the carboxy-terminal repeat in the VEEV HVD is indispensable for VEEV replication in the cell lines other than BHK-21 and plays a critical role in formation of VEEV-specific cytoplasmic protein complexes. Natural VEEV variants retain at least one of the repeated elements in their nsP3 HVDs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.