ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2013
Distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes that cause parapneumonic empyema in Turkey.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complicated pneumococcal pneumonia in the era of higher-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, 2001-2022.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Serotype distribution ofHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Review
- A pediatric case series of invasive pneumococcal disease caused byHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Pneumococcal carriage in children with COVID-19.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Serotype distribution ofHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Article
- Incidence and economic burden of acute otitis media in children aged up to 5years in three Middle Eastern countries and Pakistan: A multinational, retrospective, observational study.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2017Observational
- Empyema due to Streptococcus Pneumoniae Serotype 9V in a Child Immunized with 13-Valent Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccine.Balkan medical journal · 2017Article
- Surveillance of pneumococcal diseases in Central and Eastern Europe.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Review
- Etiology of parapneumonic effusion and pleural empyema in children. The role of conventional and molecular microbiological tests.Respiratory medicine · 2016Observational
- Serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children with invasive diseases in Turkey: 2008-2014.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Article
- An ahemolytic pneumolysin of Streptococcus pneumoniae manipulates human innate and CD4⁺ T-cell responses and reduces resistance to colonization in mice in a serotype-independent manner.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Direct Streptococcus pneumoniae real-time PCR serotyping from pediatric parapneumonic effusions.BMC pediatrics · 2014Article
- Pneumococcal empyema and complicated pneumonias: global trends in incidence, prevalence, and serotype epidemiology.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2014Review
- Meningitis caused by Neisseria Meningitidis, Hemophilus Influenzae Type B and Streptococcus Pneumoniae during 2005-2012 in Turkey. A multicenter prospective surveillance study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common etiological cause of complicated pneumonia, including empyema. In this study, we investigated the serotypes of S. pneumoniae that cause empyema in children. One hundred fifty-six children who were diagnosed with pneumonia complicated with empyema in 13 hospitals in seven geographic regions of Turkey between 2010 and 2012 were included in this study. Pleural fluid samples were collected by thoracentesis and tested for 14 serotypes/serogroups using a Bio-Plex multiplex antigen detection assay. The serotypes of S. pneumoniae were specified in 33 of 156 samples. The mean age ± the standard deviation of the 33 patients was 6.17 ± 3.54 years (range, 0.6 to 15 years). All of the children were unvaccinated according to the vaccination reports. Eighteen of the children were male, and 15 were female. The serotypes of the non-7-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (non-PCV-7), serotype 1, serotype 5, and serotype 3, were detected in eight (14.5%), seven (12.7%), and five (9.1%) of the samples, respectively. Serotypes 1 and 5 were codetected in two samples. The remaining non-PCV-7 serotypes were 8 (n = 3), 18 (n = 1), 19A (n = 1), and 7F/A (n = 1). PCV-7 serotypes 6B, 9V, 14, 19F, and 23F were detected in nine (16.3%) of the samples. The potential serotype coverages of PCV-7, PCV-10, and PCV-13 were 16.3%, 45.4%, and 60%, respectively. Pediatric parapneumonic empyema continues to be an important health problem despite the introduction of conjugated pneumococcal vaccines. Active surveillance studies are needed to monitor the change in S. pneumoniae serotypes that cause empyema in order to have a better selection of pneumococcal vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.