ArticlePharmaceutical research2013
Distribution and visualisation of chlorhexidine within the skin using ToF-SIMS: a potential platform for the design of more efficacious skin antiseptic formulations.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development and characterisation of antimicrobial epoxy resin.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Spatial distribution of active compounds in stratum corneum-partitioning between corneocytes and lipid matrix.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Hydrogel-Inducing Graphene-Oxide-Derived Core-Shell Fiber Composite for Antibacterial Wound Dressing.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- 3D Molecular Imaging of Stratum Corneum by Mass Spectrometry Suggests Distinct Distribution of Cholesteryl Esters Compared to Other Skin Lipids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Microneedle-Mediated Permeation Enhancement of Chlorhexidine Digluconate: Mechanistic Insights Through Imaging Mass Spectrometry.Pharmaceutical research · 2022Article
- Developing Novel Biointerfaces: Using Chlorhexidine Surface Attachment as a Method for Creating Anti-Fungal Surfaces.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2022Article
- Elucidating the molecular landscape of the stratum corneum.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Efficacy of antimicrobial and anti-viral coated air filters to prevent the spread of airborne pathogens.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Detection of Label-Free Drugs within Brain Tissue Using Orbitrap Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry as a Complement to Neuro-Oncological Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- The application of label-free imaging technologies in transdermal research for deeper mechanism revealing.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2021Review
- Imaging the distribution of skin lipids and topically applied compounds in human skin using mass spectrometry.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- ToF-SIMS of tissues: "lessons learned" from mice and women.Biointerphases · 2015Article
- Visualizing dermal permeation of sodium channel modulators by mass spectrometric imaging.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2014Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeIn order to increase the efficacy of a topically applied antimicrobial compound the permeation profile, localisation and mechanism of action within the skin must first be investigated.
methodsTime-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) was used to visualise the distribution of a conventional antimicrobial compound, chlorhexidine digluconate, within porcine skin without the need for laborious preparation, radio-labels or fluorescent tags.
resultsHigh mass resolution and high spatial resolution mass spectra and chemical images were achieved when analysing chlorhexidine digluconate treated cryo-sectioned porcine skin sections by ToF-SIMS. The distribution of chlorhexidine digluconate was mapped throughout the skin sections and our studies indicate that the compound appears to be localised within the stratum corneum. In parallel, tape strips taken from chlorhexidine digluconate treated porcine skin were analysed by ToF-SIMS to support the distribution profile obtained from the skin sections.
conclusionsToF-SIMS can act as a powerful complementary technique to map the distribution of topically applied compounds within the skin.
Indexed as
Identifiers
23636837What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.