ArticleObstetrics and gynecology2013
Contraceptive failures in overweight and obese combined hormonal contraceptive users.
Article in Obstetrics and gynecology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Altered pharmacokinetics of combined oral contraceptives in obesity - multistudy assessment.Contraception · 2019Pooled it
- Hormonal contraceptives for contraception in overweight or obese women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Contraceptive-Induced Weight Gain-Myth and Reality Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Reproductive Planning and the Choice of Long-acting Reversible Contraceptive Primary to Health: A Cross-Sectional Study.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2023Article
- Obesity and hormonal contraception: an overview and a clinician's practical guide.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2020Review
- Contraceptive Options Following Gestational Diabetes: Current Perspectives.Open access journal of contraception · 2019Article
- Healthcare Provider Attitudes Regarding Contraception for Women with Obesity.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2017Article
- Transdermal delivery of combined hormonal contraception: a review of the current literature.International journal of women's health · 2017Review
- Clarification of contraceptive drug pharmacokinetics in obesity.Contraception · 2017Review
- How can we improve oral contraceptive success in obese women?Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2015Article
- The contraceptive CHOICE project round up: what we did and what we learned.Clinical obstetrics and gynecology · 2014Article
- Obesity and contraception.Clinical obstetrics and gynecology · 2014Review
- The creeping Pearl: Why has the rate of contraceptive failure increased in clinical trials of combined hormonal contraceptive pills?Contraception · 2013Review
- Obesity and hormonal contraceptive efficacy.Women's health (London, England) · 2013Review
- Consensus Statement on the Use of Oral Contraceptive Pills in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Women in India.Journal of human reproductive sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byIn reply.2013
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate weather contraceptive failure rates among combined oral contraceptive pill (OCP), patch, and vaginal ring users was associated with increasing body mass index (BMI).
methodsFemales enrolled in a large contraceptive study offering the reversible method of their choice at no cost were followed-up for 2-3 years. We compared the failure rates (pregnancy) among users of the OCP, transdermal patch, and contraceptive vaginal ring stratified by BMI.
resultsAmong the 7,486 participants available for this analysis, 1,523 chose OCPs, patch, or ring at enrollment. Of the 334 unintended pregnancies, 128 were found to be a result of OCP, patch, or ring failure. Three-year failure rates were not different across BMI categories (BMI less than 25 8.44%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.1-11.5; BMI 25-30 11.03%, 95% CI 7.5-16.0; BMI more than 30 8.92%, 95% confidence interval 7.6-11.5). Increasing parity (hazard ratio [HR] 3.06, CI 1.31-7.18) and history of a previous unintended pregnancy (HR 2.82, CI 1.63-4.87), but not BMI, were significant risk factors for unintended pregnancy.
conclusionOverweight and obese females do not appear to be at increased risk for contraceptive failure when using the OCP, patch, or vaginal ring.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.