Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23633665›Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2013

Human photoreceptor outer segments shorten during light adaptation.

Michael D Abràmoff, Robert F Mullins, Kyungmoo Lee, Jeremy M Hoffmann, Milan Sonka, Douglas B Critser, Steven F Stasheff, Edwin M Stone

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Subretinal Aspects of the Optoretinographic Response.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026
    Article
  2. Subretinal aspects of the optoretinographic response.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
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  8. The outdoor environment affects retinal and choroidal thickness.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Michael D AbràmoffInstitute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Robert F Mullins
Kyungmoo Lee
Jeremy M Hoffmann
Milan Sonka
Douglas B Critser
Steven F Stasheff
Edwin M Stone
University of Iowa · USHoward Hughes Medical Institute · US

Funding

Graph-Based Medical Image Segmentation in 3D and 4DR01EB004640 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI BUATTI, JOHN M, SONKA, MILAN · 2006 to 2022
$6.1M
Molecular Genetics of Age Related Macular DegenerationR01EY016822 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI STONE, EDWIN M · 2005 to 2013
$4.0M
Retinal Therapy Guided by 3-D OCT Image AnalysisR01EY019112 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI ABRAMOFF, MICHAEL DAVID, SONKA, MILAN · 2010 to 2014
$2.6M
Three-dimensional structure-function relationships in glaucoma from SD-OCTR01EY018853 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI ABRAMOFF, MICHAEL DAVID, KWON, YOUNG H. · 2009 to 2016
$2.6M
Choriocapillaris Activation in Macular DegenerationR01EY017451 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI MULLINS, ROBERT FOSTER · 2007 to 2011
$1.8M
Computer Aided Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Veterans with DiabetesI01CX000119 · VA · IOWA CITY VA MEDICAL CENTER · PI ABRAMOFF, MICHAEL DAVID · 2009 to 2013
–
CSRD VA I01 CX000119Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNEI NIH HHS R01 EY016822NEI NIH HHS R01 EY017451NEI NIH HHS R01 EY018853NEI NIH HHS R01 EY019112NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB004640
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeBest disease is a macular dystrophy caused by mutations in the BEST1 gene. Affected individuals exhibit a reduced electro-oculographic (EOG) response to changes in light exposure and have significantly longer outer segments (OS) than age-matched controls. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anatomical changes in the outer retina during dark and light adaptation in unaffected and Best disease subjects, and to compare these changes to the EOG.

methodsUnaffected (n = 11) and Best disease patients (n = 7) were imaged at approximately 4-minute intervals during an approximately 40-minute dark-light cycle using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). EOGs of two subjects were obtained under the same conditions. Automated three-dimensional (3-D) segmentation allowed measurement of light-related changes in the distances between five retinal surfaces.

resultsIn normal subjects, there was a significant decrease in outer segment equivalent length (OSEL) of -2.14 μm (95% confidence interval [CI], -1.77 to -2.51 μm) 10 to 20 minutes after the start of light adaptation, while Best disease subjects exhibited a significant increase in OSEL of 2.07 μm (95% CI, 1.79-2.36 μm). The time course of the change in OS length corresponded to that of the EOG waveform.

conclusionsOur results strongly suggest that the light peak phase of the EOG is temporally related to a decreased OSEL in normal subjects, and the lack of a light peak phase in Best disease subjects is associated with an increase in OSEL. One potential role of Bestrophin-1 is to trigger an increase in the standing potential that approximates the OS to the apical surface of the RPE to facilitate phagocytosis.

Indexed as

Adaptation, OcularAdultDark AdaptationElectrooculographyEye BanksFemaleGenotypeHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMaleMiddle AgedPhagocytosisProspective StudiesRetinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer SegmentRetinal Pigment EpitheliumTomography, Optical CoherenceBest diseaseeletro-oculogramOCTphotoreceptor cells

Identifiers

PMID23633665
PMCPMC3668803
OpenAlexW2069936149

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.