Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23631539›Full record

ArticleDrug development and industrial pharmacy2014

Evaluation of intratympanic formulations for inner ear delivery: methodology and sustained release formulation testing.

Hongzhuo Liu, Liang Feng, Gaurav Tolia, Mark R Liddell, Jinsong Hao, S Kevin Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug development and industrial pharmacy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 38% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Microperforations significantly enhance diffusion across round window membrane.Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology · 2015
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hongzhuo LiuDivision of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, OH , USA.
Liang Feng
Gaurav Tolia
Mark R Liddell
Jinsong Hao
S Kevin Li
University of Cincinnati Medical Center · USUniversity of Cincinnati · US

Funding

Improved Method of Drug Delivery to the Inner EarR21DC011062 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI LI, KEVIN S. · 2010 to 2011
$398k
NIDCD NIH HHS DC011062NIDCD NIH HHS R21 DC011062
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A convenient and efficient in vitro diffusion cell method to evaluate formulations for inner ear delivery via the intratympanic route is currently not available. The existing in vitro diffusion cell systems commonly used to evaluate drug formulations do not resemble the physical dimensions of the middle ear and round window membrane. The objectives of this study were to examine a modified in vitro diffusion cell system of a small diffusion area for studying sustained release formulations in inner ear drug delivery and to identify a formulation for sustained drug delivery to the inner ear. Four formulations and a control were examined in this study using cidofovir as the model drug. Drug release from the formulations in the modified diffusion cell system was slower than that in the conventional diffusion cell system due to the decrease in the diffusion surface area of the modified diffusion cell system. The modified diffusion cell system was able to show different drug release behaviors among the formulations and allowed formulation evaluation better than the conventional diffusion cell system. Among the formulations investigated, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) triblock copolymer systems provided the longest sustained drug delivery, probably due to their rigid gel structures and/or polymer-to-cidofovir interactions.

Indexed as

Models, BiologicalChemistry, PharmaceuticalCidofovirComputer SimulationCytosineDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CarriersDrug LiberationEar, InnerEar, MiddleMembranes, ArtificialOrganophosphonatesPolyethylene GlycolsPolyglactin 910CidofovirCytosineDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CarriersMembranes, ArtificialOrganophosphonatesPolyethylene GlycolsPolyglactin 910poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-polyethylene glycol-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)Drug releaseinner ear deliveryintratympanic formulationmethodologytemperature responsive gel

Identifiers

PMID23631539
PMCPMC3884006
OpenAlexW1980260792

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.