ArticleNature medicine2013
A combination of fluorescent NFAT and H2B sensors uncovers dynamics of T cell activation in real time during CNS autoimmunity.
Article in Nature medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed.
- Brain barriers at the crossroads of glioma immune surveillance and immunotherapy response.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Microglia from patients with multiple sclerosis display a cell-autonomous immune activation state.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Multiple low dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes as a model for studying autoimmune diabetes in humans.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- CD8 T cells as drivers of blood-brain barrier disruption.Trends in neurosciences · 2025Review
- Immune conversations at the border: meningeal immunity in health and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Generation of Antigen-Specific CD4Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Skull-meninges-brain connectivity and extra-axial brain tumours.Brain communications · 2025Review
- Advances and controversies in meningeal biology.Nature neuroscience · 2024Review
- Life history of a brain autoreactive T cell: From thymus through intestine to blood-brain barrier and brain lesion.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024Review
- Tyrosine kinases: multifaceted receptors at the intersection of several neurodegenerative disease-associated processes.Frontiers in dementia · 2024Review
- Antigen perception in T cells by long-term Erk and NFAT signaling dynamics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Neoantigen-targeted TCR-engineered T cell immunotherapy: current advances and challenges.Biomarker research · 2023Review
- Cellular and molecular imaging of CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2023Review
- Neo-Antigen-Reactive T Cells Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancer: A More Personalized Cancer Therapy Approach.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2023Review
- Article
- Meningeal inflammation as a driver of cortical grey matter pathology and clinical progression in multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2023Review
- Visualizing the activation of encephalitogenic T cells in the ileal lamina propria by in vivo two-photon imaging.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Study of Effector CD8+ T Cell Interactions with Cortical Neurons in Response to Inflammation in Mouse Brain Slices and Neuronal Cultures.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Role of Microglial Cells in the Pathophysiology of MS: Synergistic or Antagonistic?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- New insight on microglia activation in neurodegenerative diseases and therapeutics.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is initiated when self-reactive T cells enter the brain and become locally activated after encountering their specific nervous antigens. When and where the disease-relevant antigen encounters occur is unclear. Here we combined fluorescently labeled nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) with histone protein H2B to create a broadly applicable molecular sensor for intravital imaging of T cell activation. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model for multiple sclerosis, we report that effector T cells entering the CNS become activated after short contacts with leptomeningeal phagocytes. During established disease, the activation process is extended to the depth of the CNS parenchyma, where the cells form contacts with microglia and recruited phagocytes. We show that it is the activation processes during the preclinical phase rather than during established disease that are essential for the intensity and duration of the disease bout.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.