ArticleNature2013
Thymus-derived regulatory T cells contribute to tolerance to commensal microbiota.
Article in Nature, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 235 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
235 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 368 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Regulatory T Cell in Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Pooled it
- Clonally Expanded Decidual Effector Regulatory T Cells Increase in Late Gestation of Normal Pregnancy, but Not in Preeclampsia, in Humans.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- T Cell Thoughts.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Decoding the gut microbiota-immune dialogue: from bidirectional axis to therapeutic applications.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Strain-level antigen variation facilitates immune evasion in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Review
- Microbiome modulation of tumorigenesis and immune responses.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- Decoding Treg diversity and dysfunction to advance Treg-based therapies in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Striking a balance: how the gut microbiome shapes the fate of intestinal CD4+ T cells.Discovery immunology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota in regulatory T cell generation and function: mechanisms and health implications.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Microbiota interaction with Tregs: a target for colitis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Infants < 90 days of age with late-onset sepsis display disturbances of the microbiome-immunity interplay.Infection · 2025Article
- A hierarchy of intestinal antigens instructs the CD4Immunity · 2025Article
- KLRG1 identifies regulatory T cells with mitochondrial alterations that accumulate with aging.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Immune tolerance to foreign antigens in the intestine: mechanisms mediated by CD4＋ T cells.BMB reports · 2025Review
- Restoring immune tolerance in pre-RA: immunometabolic dialogue between gut microbiota and regulatory T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Control of Asthma and Allergy by Regulatory T Cells.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2025Review
- T-cell Recovery After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Autoimmune Diseases.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Bacteria and Allergic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Non-canonical NF-κB signaling limits the tolerogenic β-catenin-Raldh2 axis in gut dendritic cells to exacerbate intestinal pathologies.The EMBO journal · 2024Article
175 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Peripheral mechanisms preventing autoimmunity and maintaining tolerance to commensal microbiota involve CD4(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells generated in the thymus or extrathymically by induction of naive CD4(+) Foxp3(-) T cells. Previous studies suggested that the T-cell receptor repertoires of thymic Treg cells and induced Treg cells are biased towards self and non-self antigens, respectively, but their relative contribution in controlling immunopathology, such as colitis and other untoward inflammatory responses triggered by different types of antigens, remains unresolved. The intestine, and especially the colon, is a particularly suitable organ to study this question, given the variety of self-, microbiota- and food-derived antigens to which Treg cells and other T-cell populations are exposed. Intestinal environments can enhance conversion to a regulatory lineage and favour tolerogenic presentation of antigens to naive CD4(+) T cells, suggesting that intestinal homeostasis depends on microbiota-specific induced Treg cells. Here, to identify the origin and antigen-specificity of intestinal Treg cells, we performed single-cell and high-throughput sequencing of the T-cell receptor repertoires of CD4(+) Foxp3(+) and CD4(+) Foxp3(-) T cells, and analysed their reactivity against specific commensal species. We show that thymus-derived Treg cells constitute most Treg cells in all lymphoid and intestinal organs, including the colon, where their repertoire is heavily influenced by the composition of the microbiota. Our results suggest that thymic Treg cells, and not induced Treg cells, dominantly mediate tolerance to antigens produced by intestinal commensals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.