Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23620381›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of epidemiology2013

Inequalities in the uptake of human papillomavirus vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Harriet Fisher, Caroline L Trotter, Suzanne Audrey, Kyle MacDonald-Wallis, Matthew Hickman

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of epidemiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
88citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
10.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

88 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. TeenVac.org: A Mobile Web App to Improve Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake for Adolescent Boys.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2025
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28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Harriet FisherSchool of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. Harriet.Fisher@bristol.ac.uk
Caroline L Trotter
Suzanne Audrey
Kyle MacDonald-Wallis
Matthew Hickman
University of Bristol · GB

Funding

British Heart FoundationCancer Research UKMedical Research Council MR/K006525/1Wellcome Trust WT087640MA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine offers an opportunity to reduce health inequalities associated with cervical cancer provided the vaccine is delivered equitably at population level. Method We reviewed evidence of inequalities in HPV vaccine uptake in young women after undertaking a comprehensive search of databases from inception to March 2012. Studies that compared HPV vaccination initiation and/or completion by at least one ethnicity or socioeconomic-related variable in adolescent young women were included. There were no language restrictions. Data were extracted by two reviewers and pooled in a meta-analysis using a random-effects model; sub-analyses and meta-regression were undertaken to investigate sources of heterogeneity.

resultsIn all, 29 publications related to 27 studies were included in the review. Black young women were less likely to initiate HPV vaccination compared with White young women (combined OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82-0.97). In the USA, young women without healthcare insurance were less likely to initiate (combined OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.40-0.78). There was no strong evidence that lower family income (combined OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.00-1.34) or lower parental education (combined OR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.92-1.22) influenced HPV vaccination initiation.

conclusionsWe found strong evidence for differences in HPV vaccination initiation by ethnicity and healthcare coverage, but did not find a strong association with parental education or family income variables. The majority of studies originated from the USA. Population-based studies reporting both initiation and completion of the HPV vaccination programme are required to establish patterns of uptake in different healthcare contexts.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesAdolescentFemaleHumansImmunization ProgramsPapillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesSocioeconomic FactorsUterine Cervical NeoplasmsVaccinationPapillomavirus Vaccinesethnic disparityHPV vaccineimmunization, adolescentspublic healthsocioeconomic factors

Identifiers

PMID23620381
PMCPMC3733698
OpenAlexW2152878042

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.