Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23620261›Full record

ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2013

Studies on tolfenamic acid-chitosan intermolecular interactions: effect of pH, polymer concentration and molecular weight.

Sofia Ahmed, Muhammad Ali Sheraz, Ihtesham Ur Rehman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Analysis of Tolfenamic Acid using a Simple, Rapid, and Stability-indicating Validated HPLC Method.Anti-inflammatory & anti-allergy agents in medicinal chemistry · 2024
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sofia AhmedDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, The Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, North Campus, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK.
Muhammad Ali Sheraz
Ihtesham Ur Rehman

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Solid-state properties of tolfenamic acid (TA) and its complexes with chitosan (CT) have been studied. Effect of medium pH, molecular weight of polymer and its different concentrations on these TA-CT complexes were studied in detail. Low and medium molecular weight CT have been used in different ratios at pH ranging from 4 to 6 and freeze-drying technique has been employed to modify the appearance of crystalline TA. Physical properties of the formed complexes have been studied by employing X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy; chemical structure has been studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that both forms of the polymer exhibited complete conversion in 1:8 ratio at pH 4, 1:4 at pH 5 and 1:1 at pH 6 indicating a marked effect of pH on drug-polymer complexation. The percent crystallinity calculations indicated low molecular weight CT slightly more effective than the other form. No changes in the complexes have been observed during the 12 week storage under controlled conditions. Both forms of CT at different pH values indicated retardation of recrystallization in TA during cooling of the melt from 1:1 ratios exhibiting formation of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the drug and the polymer.

Indexed as

Drug CarriersCalorimetry, Differential ScanningChemistry, PharmaceuticalChitosanCrystallizationCrystallography, X-RayCyclooxygenase InhibitorsDesiccationFreezingHydrogen BondingHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningMolecular Weightortho-AminobenzoatesSpectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraredTechnology, PharmaceuticalChitosanCyclooxygenase InhibitorsDrug Carriersortho-Aminobenzoatestolfenamic acid

Identifiers

PMID23620261
PMCPMC3665981

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.