ArticleHeart rhythm2013
Magnetophysiologic and echocardiographic comparison of blocked atrial bigeminy and 2:1 atrioventricular block in the fetus.
Article in Heart rhythm, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Implications of fetal premature atrial contractions: systematic review.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2022Pooled it
- Fetal Magnetocardiography Using Optically Pumped Magnetometers: A Literature Review.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Advances of magnetocardiography in application of adult and fetal cardiac diseases.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Diagnosis and Management of Fetal Arrhythmias in the Current Era.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
- Contribution of Fetal Magnetocardiography to Diagnosis, Risk Assessment, and Treatment of Fetal Arrhythmia.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Review
- [Fetal ECG and arrhythmias].Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie · 2021Review
- Mechanisms, features, and significance of diastolic mitral regurgitation: a case series.European heart journal. Case reports · 2020Article
- Fetal diagnosis of KCNQ1-variant long QT syndrome using fetal echocardiography and magnetocardiography.Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE · 2020Article
- Low-Cost Fetal Magnetocardiography: A Comparison of Superconducting Quantum Interference Device and Optically Pumped Magnetometers.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Article
- Fetal Arrhythmias: Genetic Background and Clinical Implications.Pediatric cardiology · 2019Review
- Cardiotocography and beyond: a review of one-dimensional Doppler ultrasound application in fetal monitoring.Physiological measurement · 2018Review
- Autoimmune-associated Congenital Heart Block: A New Insight in Fetal Life.Chinese medical journal · 2017Review
- Toward noninvasive monitoring of ongoing electrical activity of human uterus and fetal heart and brain.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2017Article
- Prenatal diagnosis and management of junctional ectopic tachycardia.HeartRhythm case reports · 2017Article
- Prenatal Diagnosis of Atrioventricular Block and QT Interval Prolongation by Fetal Magnetocardiography in a Fetus with Trisomy 18 andCase reports in pediatrics · 2017Article
- Article
- Fetal Atrial Flutter: Electrophysiology and Associations With Rhythms Involving an Accessory Pathway.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2016Observational
- Diagnosis and treatment of fetal arrhythmia.American journal of perinatology · 2014Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlocked atrial bigeminy (BAB) and second-degree atrioventricular block with 2:1 conduction block (2:1 AVB) both present as ventricular bradycardia and can be difficult to distinguish by echocardiography. Since the prognosis and clinical management of these rhythms are different, an accurate diagnosis is essential.
objectiveTo identify magnetic and mechanical heart rate and rhythm parameters that could reliably distinguish BAB from 2:1 AVB.
methodsA retrospective study of ten BAB and seven 2:1 AVB subjects was performed, using fMCG and pulsed Doppler ultrasound.
resultsDistinguishing BAB from 2:1 AVB by using fMCG was relatively straightforward because in BAB the ectopic P wave (P') occurred early, resulting in a bigeminal (short-long) atrial rhythm. The normalized coupling interval of the ectopic beat (PP' of the blocked beat to PP of the conducted beat) was 0.29 ± 0.03. In contrast, the echocardiographic assessment of inflow-outflow gave a normalized mechanical coupling interval (AA'/AA) near 0.5, which made it difficult to distinguish BAB from 2:1 AVB. Heart rate distinguished most subjects with BAB from those with 2:1 AVB (82 ± 5.7 beats/min vs 69 ± 4.2 beats/min), but was not a completely reliable indicator. In most subjects, BAB alternated with sinus rhythm or other rhythms, resulting in complex heart rate and rhythm patterns.
conclusionsFetal BAB and 2:1 AV block can be difficult to distinguish using echocardiography because in many fetuses with BAB the mechanical rhythm does not accurately reflect the magnetic rhythm. fMCG provides a more reliable means of making a differential diagnosis.
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