Trial reportGlobal journal of health science2013
Carnosine treatment for gulf war illness: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Global journal of health science, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00810368 (Carnosine Versus Placebo Treatment Study in Gulf War Illness), which is not on this map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Carnosine Versus Placebo Treatment Study in Gulf War Illness (GWI)
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Carnosine on Cognitive Function and Mental Health-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Chicken Essence for Cognitive Function Improvement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2016Pooled it
- Carnosine supplementation improves cognitive outcomes in younger participants of the NEAT trial.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Trial
- Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Dietary Supplementation with Concord Grape Juice in Gulf War Veterans with Gulf War Illness: A Phase I/IIA, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- A Detoxification Intervention for Gulf War Illness: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Trial
- Connectivity differences between Gulf War Illness (GWI) phenotypes during a test of attention.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Trial
- β-Alanine Is an Unexploited Neurotransmitter in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.NeuroSci · 2026Review
- Effects of Carnosine Supplementation on Cognitive Outcomes in Prediabetes and Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Fatigue, interoplastic and nociplastic distress in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, Gulf War Illness, and chronic idiopathic fatigue.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Oral Supplementation of L-Carnosine Attenuates Acute-Stress-Induced Corticosterone Release and Mitigates Anxiety in CD157 Knockout Mice.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Crisis in the gut: navigating gastrointestinal challenges in Gulf War Illness with bioengineering.Military Medical Research · 2024Review
- Effects of in ovo injection of the L-carnosine on physiological indexes of neonatal broiler chicken.Poultry science · 2024Article
- Identification of CD8 T-cell dysfunction associated with symptoms in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long COVID and treatment with a nebulized antioxidant/anti-pathogen agent in a retrospective case series.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Exposing the latent phenotype of Gulf War Illness: examination of the mechanistic mediators of cognitive dysfunction.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The Anti-Cancer Activity of the Naturally Occurring Dipeptide Carnosine: Potential for Breast Cancer.Cells · 2023Review
- Reporting of sex and gender in clinical trials of opioids and rehabilitation in military and Veterans with chronic pain.Journal of military, veteran and family health · 2023Article
- Carnosine and Beta-Alanine Supplementation in Human Medicine: Narrative Review and Critical Assessment.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Evaluation of delayed LNFPIII treatment initiation protocol on improving long-term behavioral and neuroinflammatory pathology in a mouse model of Gulf War Illness.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2022Article
- Viability of Glioblastoma Cells and Fibroblasts in the Presence of Imidazole-Containing Compounds.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
About 25% of 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War veterans experience disabling fatigue, widespread pain, and cognitive dysfunction termed Gulf War illness (GWI) or Chronic Multisymptom Illness (CMI). A leading theory proposes that wartime exposures initiated prolonged production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and central nervous system injury. The endogenous antioxidant L-carnosine (B-alanyl-L-histidine) is a potential treatment since it is a free radical scavenger in nervous tissue. To determine if nutritional supplementation with L-carnosine would significantly improve pain, cognition and fatigue in GWI, a randomized double blind placebo controlled 12 week dose escalation study involving 25 GWI subjects was employed. L-carnosine was given as 500, 1000, and 1500 mg increasing at 4 week intervals. Outcomes included subjective fatigue, pain and psychosocial questionnaires, and instantaneous fatigue and activity levels recorded by ActiWatch Score devices. Cognitive function was evaluated by WAIS-R digit symbol substitution test. Carnosine had 2 potentially beneficial effects: WAIS-R scores increased significantly, and there was a decrease in diarrhea associated with irritable bowel syndrome. No other significant incremental changes were found. Therefore, 12 weeks of carnosine (1500 mg) may have beneficial cognitive effects in GWI. Fatigue, pain, hyperalgesia, activity and other outcomes were resistant to treatment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.