Trial reportDiabetologia2013
An unbalanced monocyte polarisation in peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with type 2 diabetes has an impact on microangiopathy.
Trial report in Diabetologia, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed.
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Accelerates the Recovery of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure by Promoting M2-Like Transition of Monocytes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- G-CSF-induced macrophage polarization and mobilization may prevent acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Bone marrow transplantation · 2019Trial
- Homocysteine and mitophagy in diabetic retinopathy: unraveling the underlying molecular crosstalk.Endocrine · 2026Review
- Monocytes Display Altered Inflammatory Profiles in Individuals with Diabetic Foot Ulcers Indicating Monocyte Dysfunction.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Synbiotic Nutraceutical Mitigates Gestational Diabetes Effects and Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Rat Offspring.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Article
- Macrophage and inflammation in diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: From mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.World journal of diabetes · 2025Review
- Enhanced M2 Polarization of Retinal Microglia in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice upon Autoimmune Stimulation.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Immune Dysregulation Connecting Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Complications.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Macrophage polarization, inflammatory monocytes, and impaired MDSCs are associated with murine and human immune aplastic anemia.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2025Article
- Inflammation mediates the relationship between cardiometabolic index and vulnerable plaque in patients with acute coronary syndrome.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Impaired efferocytosis by monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Exploration Progress on Inflammatory Responses and Immune Regulatory Mechanisms in Diabetic Retinopathy.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Investigating the causal relationship between immune factors and ankylosing spondylitis: insights from a Mendelian Randomization study.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Article
- Cardioimmunology in Health and Diseases: Impairment of the Cardio-Spleno-Bone Marrow Axis Following Myocardial Infarction in Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- An exploratory human study investigating the influence of type 2 diabetes on macrophage phenotype after myocardial infarction.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2023Article
- Incubation with porcine urinary bladder matrix yields a late-stage wound transcriptome in endothelial cells and keratinocytes isolated from both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.Experimental dermatology · 2023Article
- IgG1 Is the Optimal Subtype for Treating Atherosclerosis by Inducing M2 Macrophage Differentiation, and Is Independent of the FcγRIIA Gene Polymorphism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Causal relationship between circulating immune cells and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- A Predictive Disease Risk Model for Ankylosing Spondylitis: Based on Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis and Identification of Potential Biomarkers Most Related to Immunity.Mediators of inflammation · 2023Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aim/hypothesisMonocytes/macrophages play important roles in adipose and vascular tissues and can be polarised as inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2. We sought to analyse monocyte polarisation status in type 2 diabetes, which is characterised by chronic inflammation.
methodsWe enrolled 60 individuals without diabetes and 53 patients with type 2 diabetes. We quantified standard monocyte subsets defined by cluster of differentiation (CD)14 and CD16. In addition, based on the phenotype of polarised macrophages in vitro, we characterised and quantified more definite M1 (CD68(+)CCR2(+)) and M2 (CX3CR1(+)CD206(+)/CD163(+)) monocytes. We also analysed bone marrow (BM) samples and the effects of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) stimulation in diabetic and control individuals.
resultsWe found no alterations in standard monocyte subsets (classical, intermediate and non-classical) when comparing groups. For validation of M1 and M2 phenotypes, we observed that M2 were enriched in non-classical monocytes and had lower TNF-α content, higher LDL scavenging and lower transendothelial migratory capacity than M1. Diabetic patients displayed an imbalanced M1/M2 ratio compared with the control group, attributable to a reduction in M2. The M1/M2 ratio was directly correlated with waist circumference and HbA1c and, among diabetic patients, M2 reduction and M1/M2 increase were associated with microangiopathy. A decrease in M2 was also found in the BM from diabetic patients, with a relative M2 excess compared with the bloodstream. BM stimulation with G-CSF mobilised M2 macrophages in diabetic but not in healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationWe show that type 2 diabetes markedly reduces anti-inflammatory M2 monocytes through a dysregulation in bone-marrow function. This defect may have a negative impact on microangiopathy.
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Registered trials
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