ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Ancestral amphibian v2rs are expressed in the main olfactory epithelium.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemosensory Receptors in Vertebrates: Structure and Computational Modeling Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Type 2 vomeronasal receptor expression in the olfactory organ of African lungfish, Protopterus annectens.Cell and tissue research · 2024Article
- Functional odor map heterogeneity is based on multifaceted glomerular connectivity in larvaliScience · 2023Article
- Ancient and Nonuniform Loss of Olfactory Receptor Expression Renders the Shark Nose a De Facto Vomeronasal Organ.Molecular biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Spatial organization of olfactory receptor gene choice in the complete V1R-related ORA family of zebrafish.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Distinct interhemispheric connectivity at the level of the olfactory bulb emerges during Xenopus laevis metamorphosis.Cell and tissue research · 2021Article
- An Ancient Adenosine Receptor Gains Olfactory Function in Bony Vertebrates.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Coding of pheromones by vomeronasal receptors.Cell and tissue research · 2021Review
- Olfaction across the water-air interface in anuran amphibians.Cell and tissue research · 2021Review
- The functional relevance of olfactory marker protein in the vertebrate olfactory system: a never-ending story.Cell and tissue research · 2021Review
- Olfactory subsystems in the peripheral olfactory organ of anuran amphibians.Cell and tissue research · 2021Review
- Multi-glomerular projection of single olfactory receptor neurons is conserved among amphibians.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2020Article
- Distribution of cells expressing vomeronasal receptors in the olfactory organ of turtles.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2020Article
- Conservation of Glomerular Organization in the Main Olfactory Bulb of Anuran Larvae.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2020Article
- Loss of olfaction in sea snakes provides new perspectives on the aquatic adaptation of amniotes.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Overlapping but distinct topology for zebrafish V2R-like olfactory receptors reminiscent of odorant receptor spatial expression zones.BMC genomics · 2018Article
- Excreted Steroids in Vertebrate Social Communication.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Review
- Coordinated shift of olfactory amino acid responses and V2R expression to an amphibian water nose during metamorphosis.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2017Article
- The Evolving Neural and Genetic Architecture of Vertebrate Olfaction.Current biology : CB · 2016Review
- Different expression domains for two closely related amphibian TAARs generate a bimodal distribution similar to neuronal responses to amine odors.Scientific reports · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mammalian olfactory receptor families are segregated into different olfactory organs, with type 2 vomeronasal receptor (v2r) genes expressed in a basal layer of the vomeronasal epithelium. In contrast, teleost fish v2r genes are intermingled with all other olfactory receptor genes in a single sensory surface. We report here that, strikingly different from both lineages, the v2r gene family of the amphibian Xenopus laevis is expressed in the main olfactory as well as the vomeronasal epithelium. Interestingly, late diverging v2r genes are expressed exclusively in the vomeronasal epithelium, whereas "ancestral" v2r genes, including the single member of v2r family C, are restricted to the main olfactory epithelium. Moreover, within the main olfactory epithelium, v2r genes are expressed in a basal zone, partially overlapping, but clearly distinct from an apical zone of olfactory marker protein and odorant receptor-expressing cells. These zones are also apparent in the spatial distribution of odor responses, enabling a tentative assignment of odor responses to olfactory receptor gene families. Responses to alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones show an apical localization, consistent with being mediated by odorant receptors, whereas amino acid responses overlap extensively with the basal v2r-expressing zone. The unique bimodal v2r expression pattern in main and accessory olfactory system of amphibians presents an excellent opportunity to study the transition of v2r gene expression during evolution of higher vertebrates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.