Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23611936›Full record

ArticleFemale pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery

Racial differences in fecal incontinence in community-dwelling women from the EPI study.

Mitchell B Berger, John O Delancey, Dee E Fenner

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Prevalence of Incontinence in the Black Women's Health Study.International urogynecology journal · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Mitchell B BergerPelvic Floor Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5276, USA. mitcberg@umich.edu
John O Delancey
Dee E Fenner
Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital · CNUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Which pelvic floor defects cause stress incontinence?P50HD044406 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI DELANCEY, JOHN O.L. · 2002 to 2017
$17.1M
Michigan BIRCWH Career Development ProgramK12HD001438 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI JOHNSON, TIMOTHY RB · 2000 to 2014
$6.7M
Race Differences in Female UI: Epidemiology and BiologyR01HD041123 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI DELANCEY, JOHN O.L. · 2001 to 2005
$1.8M
NIA NIH HHS R01HD/AG41123NICHD NIH HHS 1 P50 HD044406NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD001438NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD044406NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD041123
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesDespite its prevalence and associated distress, fecal incontinence (FI) is not well understood. There are limited data regarding associations between FI and race. The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of FI, and to secondarily identify demographic, lifestyle, and medical factors associated with FI, especially with regard to race.

methodsThis was a planned secondary analysis of a population-based cross-sectional telephone interview survey of 2812 black and white community-dwelling women living in southeastern Michigan. The primary outcome measured was the prevalence of self-reported FI, defined as any loss of stool during the previous 12 months. Logistic regression modeling was used to identify characteristics independently associated with FI.

resultsOf the subjects, 16.7% reported FI in the previous year. Fecal incontinence was approximately twice as common in white women (20%) as black women (11%). Factors associated with FI differed between the 2 races, although its prevalence in both racial groups increases with higher numbers of medical comorbidities, increased frequency of bowel movements per week, and depression.

conclusionsOne in 6 women report FI, although it occurs one-half as often in black as in white women. Although there are common characteristics shared by women with FI in both racial groups, white women experience FI in complex with other pelvic floor disorders. For black women, FI is an isolated pelvic floor disorder associated with mobility impairment.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanWhite PeopleAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFecal IncontinenceFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPrevalenceResidence Characteristics

Identifiers

PMID23611936
PMCPMC4006939
OpenAlexW2074946819

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.