Trial reportAnnals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine2013
Behavioral impacts of sequentially versus simultaneously delivered dietary plus physical activity interventions: the CALM trial.
Trial report in Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Behaviour change techniques targeting both diet and physical activity in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2017Pooled it
- Diet or exercise interventions vs combined behavioral weight management programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis of direct comparisons.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2014Pooled it
- Theory-based promotion of diet and transportation behavior change to reduce carbon footprint among students: Randomized parallel trial of the GROW app.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2026Trial
- Human Telephone vs Text Message Counseling and Physical Activity Among Midlife and Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Moderators of a Diet and Physical Activity Intervention: who Responds Best to Sequential vs. Simultaneous Approaches.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Trial
- The Effectiveness of Sequentially Delivered Web-Based Interventions on Promoting Physical Activity and Fruit-Vegetable Consumption Among Chinese College Students: Mixed Methods Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Trial
- Patterns of Fitbit Use and Activity Levels Among African American Breast Cancer Survivors During an eHealth Weight Loss Randomized Controlled Trial.American journal of health promotion : AJHP · 2022Trial
- Comparing Self-Monitoring Strategies for Weight Loss in a Smartphone App: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2019Trial
- Multicomponent mHealth Intervention for Large, Sustained Change in Multiple Diet and Activity Risk Behaviors: The Make Better Choices 2 Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2018Trial
- Testing the comparative effects of physical activity advice by humans vs. computers in underserved populations: The COMPASS trial design, methods, and baseline characteristics.Contemporary clinical trials · 2017Trial
- Web-Based Intervention for Physical Activity and Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among Chinese University Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Multiple behaviour change intervention and outcomes in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes: the ADDITION-Plus randomised controlled trial.Diabetologia · 2014Trial
- Effectiveness of a web- and mobile phone-based intervention to promote physical activity and healthy eating in middle-aged males: randomized controlled trial of the ManUp study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2014Trial
- Effects of a web-based tailored multiple-lifestyle intervention for adults: a two-year randomized controlled trial comparing sequential and simultaneous delivery modes.Journal of medical Internet research · 2014Trial
- Neighborhood context shapes physical activity intervention outcomes: a comparison of human vs. virtual advisors.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Impact of Intervention Strategies on Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Low-, Middle- and High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review.Food and nutrition bulletin · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFew studies have evaluated how to combine dietary and physical activity (PA) interventions to enhance adherence. PURPOSE: We tested how sequential versus simultaneous diet plus PA interventions affected behavior changes.
methodsTwo hundred participants over age 44 years not meeting national PA and dietary recommendations (daily fruit and vegetable servings and percent of calories from saturated fat) were randomized to one of four 12-month telephone interventions: sequential (exercise first or diet first), simultaneous, or attention control. At 4 months, the other health behavior was added in the sequential arms.
resultsNinety-three percent of participants were retained through 12 months. At 4 months, only exercise first improved PA, and only the simultaneous and diet-first interventions improved dietary variables. At 12 months, mean levels of all behaviors in the simultaneous arm met recommendations, though not in the exercise- and diet-first arms.
conclusionsWe observed a possible behavioral suppression effect of early dietary intervention on PA that merits investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.