ArticleParasites & vectors2013
Seropositivity rates for agents of canine vector-borne diseases in Spain: a multicentre study.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serological and molecular positivity for Leishmania infantum in dogs referred to two veterinary hospitals in Barcelona, Spain.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Nationwide seroprevalence of canine vector-borne pathogens in dogs in Spain.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Questionnaire-Based Survey on Risk Factors and Prevalence of Major Vector-Borne Diseases in the Aegean Region of Türkiye.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in canine serum: establishing reference intervals and influencing factors.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Article
- Twenty-year evolution of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs in Valdeorras (Galicia, Northwestern Spain): implication of climatic factors and preventive measures.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Serological survey of Leishmania infantum in apparently healthy dogs in different areas of Spain.Veterinary medicine and science · 2023Article
- Pre-test probability and likelihood ratios for clinical findings in canine leishmaniasis.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
- A High Prevalence of Cardiopulmonary Worms Detected in the Iberian Wolf (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Distribution of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Domestic Animals and Their Ticks in the Countries of the Mediterranean Basin between 2000 and 2021: A Systematic Review.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Seropositivity of main vector-borne pathogens in dogs across Europe.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Expansion of Canine Heartworm in Spain.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Detection of vector-borne pathogens in owned dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture living in the Mediterranean area.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Nutritional Modulation of the Immune Response Mediated by Nucleotides in Canine Leishmaniosis.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Epidemiologic, Clinical and Immunological Consequences of Co-Infections during Canine Leishmaniosis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Simultaneous Exposure toPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Prevalence, genetic, and biochemical evaluation of immune response of police dogs infected withVeterinary world · 2021Article
- Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Features ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
- Seroprevalence ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- Importation of Ticks on Companion Animals and the Risk of Spread of Tick-Borne Diseases to Non-Endemic Regions in Europe.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundControlling canine vector-borne diseases (CVBD) is a major concern, since some of these diseases are serious zoonoses. This study was designed to determine seropositivity rates in Spain for agents causing the following five CVBD: leishmaniosis (Leishmania infantum: Li), heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis: Di), ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia canis: Ec), anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum/Anaplasma platys: An) and Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi: Bb).
methodsAnti-An, -Bb, and -Ec antibodies and the Di antigen were determined using the 4DX SNAP® Test (IDEXX Laboratories) and anti-L. infantum (Li) antibodies using the Leishmania SNAP® Test (IDEXX Laboratories) in blood and/or serum samples.
resultsAmong 1100 dogs examined, overall seropositivity rates were: Li (15.7%), Ec (5%), An (3.1%), Di (1.25%) and Bb (0.4%). While seropositivity towards Bb and Di was similar in all geographic regions, rates were significantly higher in the east of Spain (8.3%) for An, significantly higher in the north (20%) for Ec, and significantly higher in the Southeast (46.6%) and South (27.4%), and significantly lower in the north (0%) for Li.No statistical associations were observed between sex and the CVBD analyzed (p ≥ 0.05) while the following associations with other variables were detected: a higher seropositivity to Ec (40%) and Bb (6.7%) in dogs under one year of age compared with adults (p < 0.05); and a higher seropositivity to An and Li in dogs that lived outdoors versus indoors (p = 0.01; p < 0.001, respectively). Seropositivity rates of 2.1%, 0%, 1.7%, 0.5% and 4.2% were recorded respectively for An, Bb, Ec, Di and Li in dogs with no clinical signs (n = 556) versus 3.8%, 0.6%, 7.5%, 1.8% and 25.9% for those with signs (n = 507) suggestive of a CVBD.
conclusionThe data obtained indicate a risk for dogs in Spain of acquiring any of the five CVBD examined. Veterinarians in the different regions should include these diseases in their differential diagnoses and recommend the use of repellents and other prophylactic measures to prevent disease transmission by arthropod vectors. Public health authorities also need to become more involved in the problem, since some of the CVBD examined here also affect humans.
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