Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23604648›Full record

ArticleClinical orthopaedics and related research2014

Healing delayed but generally reliable after bisphosphonate-associated complete femur fractures treated with IM nails.

Kenneth A Egol, Ji Hae Park, Zehava Sadka Rosenberg, Valerie Peck, Nirmal C Tejwani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Delayed healing of lower limb fractures with bisphosphonate therapy.Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England · 2015
    Pooled it
  4. Bisphosphonates and their influence on fracture healing: a systematic review.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2015
    Pooled it
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  10. Well-reduced bisphosphonate-associated atypical femur fractures have low rates of nonunion and delayed union.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025
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  17. Factors Affecting the Second Complete Atypical Femoral Fracture after the First Atypical Fracture.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2024
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3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Kenneth A EgolDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, 301 E 17th Street, New York, NY, 10003, USA, Kenneth.egol@nyumc.org.
Ji Hae Park
Zehava Sadka Rosenberg
Valerie Peck
Nirmal C Tejwani

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBisphosphonate therapy for osteoporosis has been associated with atypical femoral fractures. To date, there have been few reports in the literature regarding the preoperative and postoperative courses of patients who have sustained bisphosphonate-associated complete atypical femur fractures. OBJECTIVES/PURPOSES: The purposes of this study were to (1) characterize the preoperative course of patients who eventually presented with bisphosphonate-associated complete atypical femur fractures (duration of bisphosphonate treatment, pain history, risk of converting a nondisplaced fracture to a complete fracture); (2) evaluate the percentage of patients who achieved radiographic union of those fractures after treatment; and (3) determine the patients' recovery of function using the Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment.

methodsThirty-three patients with 41 atypical, low-energy femur fractures associated with ≥ 5 years of bisphosphonate use were treated with intramedullary nailing between 2004 and 2011 at one center. The main outcome measurements were Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment for function and radiographic evaluation for fracture healing. Patients had been treated with bisphosphonates for an average of 8.8 years (range, 5-20 years) before presentation.

resultsPatients reported a mean of 6 months of pain before presentation (range, 1-8 months). Sixty-six percent of patients with surgically treated complete fractures became pain-free and 98% were radiographically healed by 12 months. Sixty-four percent of patients who underwent intramedullary nailing reported a functional return to baseline within 1 year. Patients who reported major functional limitations at latest followup listed pain and apprehension as the major causes of their limitation.

conclusionsPatients with surgically treated bisphosphonate-associated complete femur fractures achieved generally reliable although delayed fracture healing if malaligned, and nearly two-thirds of patients returned to self-reported baseline function within 1 year. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Indexed as

Bone NailsAgedAged, 80 and overBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesFemaleFemoral FracturesFollow-Up StudiesFracture Fixation, IntramedullaryFracture HealingHumansMaleMiddle AgedOsteoporosisOsteoporotic FracturesRadiographyBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonates

Identifiers

PMID23604648
PMCPMC4117878

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.