ArticleThe Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
Chloroquine sensitizes biofilms of Candida albicans to antifungal azoles.
Article in The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Repurposing of quinine as an antifungal antibiotic: Identification of molecular targets in Candida albicans.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- The antiparasitic drug Nitazoxanide enhances the susceptibility of Candida albicans to fluconazole.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Carvacrol and Thymol, a Synergistic Antimicrobial Activity Against Bacterial and Candida Species.MicrobiologyOpen · 2025Article
- Virtual screening assisted identification of a phytocompound as potent inhibitor against Candida lusitaniae; an in-silico study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A mechanism study on the synergistic effects of rifapentine and fluconazole against fluconazole-resistantHeliyon · 2024Article
- The use of combination therapy for the improvement of colistin activity against bacterial biofilm.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2024Review
- Strategies of Pharmacological Repositioning for the Treatment of Medically Relevant Mycoses.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Review
- Natural Compounds: A Hopeful Promise as an Antibiofilm Agent AgainstFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Impeding Virulence of Candida albicans by Candesartan and Domperidone.Current microbiology · 2021Article
- Drug Repurposing in Medical Mycology: Identification of Compounds as Potential Antifungals to Overcome the Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Fungi.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Drugs with new lease of life as quorum sensing inhibitors: for combating MDR Acinetobacter baumannii infections.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020Article
- A review on possible modes of action of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine: repurposing against SAR-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2020Review
- Evaluation of acute and sublethal effects of chloroquine (CToxicology reports · 2018Article
- Article
- Synergistic activity of chloroquine with fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant isolates of Candida species.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- The effect of antibacterial and non-antibacterial compounds alone or associated with antifugals upon fungi.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
- Synergistic combinations of antifungals and anti-virulence agents to fight against Candida albicans.Virulence · 2015Review
- Arachidonic acid affects biofilm formation and PGE2 level in Candida albicans and non-albicans species in presence of subinhibitory concentration of fluconazole and terbinafine.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious DiseasesArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Biofilms formed by Candida albicans, a human pathogen, are known to be resistant to different antifungal agents. Novel strategies to combat the biofilm associated Candida infections like multiple drug therapy are being explored. In this study, potential of chloroquine to be a partner drug in combination with four antifungal agents, namely fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin, was explored against biofilms of C. albicans. Activity of various concentrations of chloroquine in combination with a particular antifungal drug was analyzed in a checkerboard format. Growth of biofilm in presence of drugs was analyzed by XTT-assay, in terms of relative metabolic activity compared to that of drug free control. Results obtained by XTT-metabolic assay were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The interactions between chloroquine and four antifungal drugs were determined by calculating fractional inhibitory concentration indices. Azole resistance in biofilms was reverted significantly (p<0.05) in presence of 250μg/mL of chloroquine, which resulted in inhibition of biofilms at very low concentrations of antifungal drugs. No significant alteration in the sensitivity of biofilms to caspofungin and amphotericin B was evident in combination with chloroquine. This study for the first time indicates that chloroquine potentiates anti-biofilm activity of fluconazole and voriconazole.
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