ReviewNature immunology2013
Understanding immunosenescence to improve responses to vaccines.
Review in Nature immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 456 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
456 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence and risk factors of herpes zoster in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of micronutrient supplementation on immune function in older adults: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Herpes zoster incidence and burden in older Chinese: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Spermidine Mitigates Immune Cell Senescence and Boosts Vaccine Responses in Healthy Older Adults-A Pilot Study.Aging cell · 2026Trial
- Effect of the mitophagy inducer urolithin A on age-related immune decline: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Nature aging · 2025Trial
- Immunotherapy and senolytics in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: phase 2 trial results.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Real-World Safety and Effectiveness of Dimethyl Fumarate in Patients with MS: Results from the ESTEEM Phase 4 and PROCLAIM Phase 3 Studies with a Focus on Older Patients.Advances in therapy · 2025Trial
- Remodeling of innate antiviral immunity in aging.Cell insight · 2026Review
- Thymic function as a central determinant of immune competence and clinical outcomes.Seminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
- Risk Factors for Secondary Immunodeficiency in the Aged.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- Article
- Review
- Leukocyte profiles reveal sex and age differences in immune investment in a polygynous bat.The Journal of animal ecology · 2026Article
- IDEAL-Age: an interpretable deep learning framework for single-cell resolution profiling of immunological aging.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Sustained Delivery of a Shingles Subunit Vaccine Overcomes Age-Related Declines in Humoral and Cellular Immunity Relative to Shingrix.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Immune aging biomarkers for clinical trials.Nature medicine · 2026Review
- Single-cell multi-omics dissection of RevitalAge Markers uncovers age-dependent immunotherapy resistance and druggable targets in melanoma.Biology direct · 2026Article
- Regulation of T Cell Senescence in Health and Diseases.Immune network · 2026Review
- T Cell Receptor Repertoires Across the Continuum of Vascular, Myocardial, and Age-Related Diseases.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Immune surveillance and microbial escape in the aging host: Why does the microbiome lose its balance?PLoS biology · 2026Review
396 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In the older adult, the benefits of vaccination to prevent infectious disease are limited, mainly because of the adaptive immune system's inability to generate protective immunity. The age-dependent decrease in immunological competence, often referred to as 'immunosenescence', results from the progressive deterioration of innate and adaptive immune responses. Most insights into mechanisms of immunological aging have been derived from studies of mouse models. In this Review, we explore how well such models are applicable to understanding the aging process throughout the 80-100 years of human life and discuss recent advances in identifying and characterizing the mechanisms that underlie age-associated defective adaptive immunity in humans.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.