ArticleExperimental and therapeutic medicine2013
Ketamine exerts antidepressant effects and reduces IL-1β and IL-6 levels in rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
Article in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ketamine's effect on inflammation and kynurenine pathway in depression: A systematic review.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2021Pooled it
- Change in cytokine levels is not associated with rapid antidepressant response to ketamine in treatment-resistant depression.Journal of psychiatric research · 2017Trial
- Network pharmacology of cellular targets in major depressive disorder and differential mechanisms of fluoxetine, ketamine and esketamine.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- DSP-6745, a novel 5-hydroxytryptamine modulator with rapid antidepressant, anxiolytic, antipsychotic and procognitive effects.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Ketamine Prevents Inflammation-Induced Reduction of Human Hippocampal Neurogenesis via Inhibiting the Production of Neurotoxic Metabolites of the Kynurenine Pathway.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Ketamine exerts dual effects on the apoptosis of primary cultured hippocampal neurons from fetal rats in vitro.Metabolic brain disease · 2023Article
- The Missing Piece? A Case for Microglia's Prominent Role in the Therapeutic Action of Anesthetics, Ketamine, and Psychedelics.Neurochemical research · 2023Review
- Antidepressant mechanisms of ketamine: a review of actions with relevance to treatment-resistance and neuroprogression.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Effects of an intravenous ketamine infusion on inflammatory cytokine levels in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Combination of electroconvulsive stimulation with ketamine or escitalopram protects the brain against inflammation and oxidative stress induced by maternal deprivation and is critical for associated behaviors in male and female rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Methylone, a rapid acting entactogen with robust anxiolytic and antidepressant-like activity.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Isoginkgetin treatment attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced monoamine neurotransmitter deficiency and depression-like behaviors through downregulating p38/NF-κB signaling pathway and suppressing microglia-induced apoptosis.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Sex differences on the behavior and oxidative stress after ketamine treatment in adult rats subjected to early life stress.Brain research bulletin · 2021Article
- An Integrative Approach to Ketamine Therapy May Enhance Multiple Dimensions of Efficacy: Improving Therapeutic Outcomes With Treatment Resistant Depression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Immunoregulation and antidepressant effect of ketamine.Translational neuroscience · 2021Review
- Antidepressant effect and neural mechanism ofAnimal cells and systems · 2020Article
- Alterations of multiple peripheral inflammatory cytokine levels after repeated ketamine infusions in major depressive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2020Article
- Ketamine: The final frontier or another depressing end?Behavioural brain research · 2020Review
- Role of Interleukin-6 in Depressive Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Neurobiological biomarkers of response to ketamine.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ketamine has fast-acting and robust antidepressant effects in animal models and depressed patients. It has been hypothesized that its underlying mechanism of action is associated with the inflammatory response in the central nervous system. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the antidepressant effects of ketamine and the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of a rat model. Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (each group, n=10); the saline group and the ketamine group. On the 1st day, rats undertook a forced swimming test (FST) for 15 min (pre-test session). On the 2nd day, saline or ketamine was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before the test session. Following this, rats performed another FST for 5 min (test session) and the immobility time was recorded. The rats were then sacrificed, and the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were harvested for determination of IL-1β and IL-6 levels. Compared with the saline group, ketamine administration significantly decreased the immobility time of rats during the FST (P<0.05). In addition, the ketamine group demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 in rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus compared with the saline group (P<0.05). Ketamine-induced antidepressant effects are associated with decreased levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
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Registered trials
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