Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23595268›Full record

ReviewProceedings. Biological sciences2013

Evolutionary consequences of self-fertilization in plants.

Stephen I Wright, Susan Kalisz, Tanja Slotte

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 176 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
176citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

176 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Identification of a candidate self-incompatibility locus in beet (Beta vulgaris).TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2026
    Article
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  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. A lectin receptor-like kinase controls self-pollen recognition inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Divergence of mating systems inPlant diversity · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Climate change intensifies plant-pollinator mismatch and increases secondary extinction risk for plants in northern latitudes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Stephen I WrightDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. stephen.wright@utoronto.ca
Susan Kalisz
Tanja Slotte

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The transition from outcrossing to self-fertilization is one of the most common evolutionary changes in plants, yet only about 10-15% of flowering plants are predominantly selfing. To explain this phenomenon, Stebbins proposed that selfing may be an 'evolutionary dead end'. According to this hypothesis, transitions from outcrossing to selfing are irreversible, and selfing lineages suffer from an increased risk of extinction owing to a reduced potential for adaptation. Thus, although selfing can be advantageous in the short term, selfing lineages may be mostly short-lived owing to higher extinction rates. Here, we review recent results relevant to the 'dead-end hypothesis' of selfing and the maintenance of outcrossing over longer evolutionary time periods. In particular, we highlight recent results regarding diversification rates in self-incompatible and self-compatible taxa, and review evidence regarding the accumulation of deleterious mutations in selfing lineages. We conclude that while some aspects of the hypothesis of selfing as a dead end are supported by theory and empirical results, the evolutionary and ecological mechanisms remain unclear. We highlight the need for more studies on the effects of quantitative changes in outcrossing rates and on the potential for adaptation, particularly in selfing plants. In addition, there is growing evidence that transitions to selfing may themselves be drivers of speciation, and future studies of diversification and speciation should investigate this further.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionExtinction, BiologicalAdaptation, BiologicalLikelihood FunctionsMagnoliopsidaModels, BiologicalMutationSelf-FertilizationSpecies Specificity

Identifiers

PMID23595268
PMCPMC3652455

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.