SynthesisPloS one2013
Obesity and risk of hip fracture in adults: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of obesity with musculoskeletal health and functional mobility in females-a systematic review.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Pooled it
- Obesity and risk of fracture in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Annals of medicine · 2023Pooled it
- The association between overweight/obesity and vertebral fractures in older adults: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Dairy product consumption and risk of hip fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- Abdominal obesity and risk of hip fracture: a meta-analysis of prospective studies.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Pooled it
- Abdominal Obesity and Risk of Hip Fracture: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Hip Fracture in Men: A Meta-Analysis of 14 Prospective Cohort Studies.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Diabetes mellitus and risk of hip fractures: a meta-analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016Pooled it
- The relationship between weight change and risk of hip fracture: meta-analysis of prospective studies.Scientific reports · 2015Pooled it
- In Men With Obesity, T2DM Is Associated With Poor Trabecular Microarchitecture and Bone Strength and Low Bone Turnover.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Trial
- BMI-stratified performance of native CT hounsfield units in the proximal femur for osteoporosis detection and fracture association.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Fracture trends in Denmark from 1997 to 2021.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Association between triglyceride glucose index and odds of hip fracture in patients with or without type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The impact of obesity on bone health: molecular pathways, metabolic interactions, and associated pathologies.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Review
- Effects of a high-fat diet on gut microbiota and possible implications for bone health in male Wistar rats.Lipids · 2025Article
- Impact of high body fat and low muscle mass on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes: A DXA-based cross-sectional study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- Nonlinear associations between METS-IR and all-cause as well as cardiovascular mortality in adults with osteoporosis and osteopenia: evidence from NHANES 2007-2023.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- The association between relative fat mass (RFM) and lumbar bone density in US adults: Insight from 2011-2018 NHANES.PloS one · 2025Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany observational studies assessed the association between obesity and risk of hip fracture in adults, but reported controversial results. Our goal was to evaluate the association between obesity and risk of hip fracture in adults by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
methodsThree databases, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science, were searched through May 2012 to identify eligible cohort studies. Either a fixed- or a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) with its 95% confidence interval (95%CI).
resultsFifteen prospective cohort studies involving a total 3,126,313 participants were finally included into this meta-analysis. Overall, adults with obesity compared with the normal weight group had a significantly decreased risk of hip fracture (RR: 0.66, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.77, P<0.001). Meta-analyses by the adjusted status of RRs also suggested adults with obesity compared with the reference group had a significantly decreased risk of hip fracture (adjusted RR: 0.48, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.58, P<0.001; unadjusted RR: 0.66, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.78, P<0.001). Subgroup analyses by gender suggested individuals with obesity had a significantly decreased risk for developing hip fracture compared with the reference group in both men (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.60, P<0.001) and women (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.84, P<0.001). No evidence of publication bias was observed in this meta-analysis.
conclusionsThis meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies suggests that obesity significantly decreases the risk of hip fracture in adults, and obesity is probably a protective factor of hip fracture in adults.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.