ArticleSynapse (New York, N.Y.)2013
Early degeneration of photoreceptor synapse in Ccl2/Cx3cr1-deficient mice on Crb1(rd8) background.
Article in Synapse (New York, N.Y.), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protective effects ofHistology and histopathology · 2026Article
- Ultrastructural response of the retinal cells and neurovascular unit to neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide.Brain structure & function · 2026Article
- Alterations of Photoreceptor Synaptic Ribbons in the Retina of a Human Patient With Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1 (OCA1).Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Microglia heterogeneity during neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the mouse retina.Brain structure & function · 2024Article
- Complexin regulation of synaptic vesicle release: mechanisms in the central nervous system and specialized retinal ribbon synapses.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Retinal Organoid Microenvironment Enhanced Bioactivities of Microglia-Like Cells Derived From HiPSCs.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- GRF2 Is Crucial for Cone Photoreceptor Viability and Ribbon Synapse Formation in the Mouse Retina.Cells · 2023Article
- Distribution and synaptic organization of substance P-like immunoreactive neurons in the mouse retina.Brain structure & function · 2023Article
- Curcumin and Wnt/β‑catenin signaling in exudative age‑related macular degeneration (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Coming of Age for the Photoreceptor Synapse.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Transmission at rod and cone ribbon synapses in the retina.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2021Review
- Synaptic changes and the response of microglia in a light-induced photoreceptor degeneration model.Molecular vision · 2021Article
- Synapse and Receptor Alterations in Two Different S100B-Induced Glaucoma-Like Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Forward genetic analysis using OCT screening identifiesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Circadian Rhythms in Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The Key Role of the Canonical WNT/β-Catenin Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- The Role of the Microglial Cx3cr1 Pathway in the Postnatal Maturation of Retinal Photoreceptors.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Article
- Aerobic Glycolysis Hypothesis Through WNT/Beta-Catenin Pathway in Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2017Review
- Inflammation and its role in age-related macular degeneration.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2016Review
- Wnt signaling in age-related macular degeneration: human macular tissue and mouse model.Journal of translational medicine · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Photoreceptor ribbon synapse releases glutamate to postsynaptic targets. The synaptic ribbon may play multiple roles in ribbon synapse development, synaptic vesicle recycling, and synaptic transmission. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients appear to have fewer or no detectable synaptic ribbons as well as abnormal swelling in the photoreceptor terminals in the macula. However, reports on changes of photoreceptor synapses in AMD are scarce and photoreceptor type and quantity affected in early AMD is still unclear. Here, we employed multiple anatomical techniques to investigate these questions in Ccl2⁻/⁻/Cx3cr1⁻/⁻ mouse on Crb1(rd8) background (DKO rd8) at one month of age. We found that approximately 17% of photoreceptors over the focal lesion were lost. Immunostaining for synapse-associated proteins (CtBP2, synaptophysin, and vesicular glutamate transporter 1) showed significantly reduced expression and ectopic localization. Cone opsins demonstrated dramatic reduction in expression (S-opsins) and extensive mislocalization (M-opsins). Quantitative ultrastructural analysis confirmed a significant decrease in the number of cone terminals and nuclei, numerous vacuoles in remaining cone terminals, reduction in the number of synaptic ribbons in photoreceptor terminals, and ectopic rod ribbon synapses. In addition, glutamate receptor immunoreactivity on aberrant sprouting of rod bipolar cells and horizontal cells were identified at the ectopic synapses. These results indicate that synaptic alterations occur at the early stages of disease and cones are likely more susceptible to damage caused by DKO rd8 mutation. They provide a new insight into potential mechanism of vision function lost due to synaptic degeneration before cell death in the early stages of AMD.
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