ReviewParticle and fibre toxicology2013
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles: a review of current toxicological data.
Review in Particle and fibre toxicology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02348346 (Effect of MVX), which is not on this map. Cited by 363 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of MVX (Titanium Dioxide) on the Microbial Colonization of Surfaces in an Intensive Care Unit
Who cites it
363 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Organ and tissue accumulation of titanium dioxide after acute, subacute, subchronic, and chronic oral exposure in mice and rats: a systematic review.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Pooled it
- Titanium Dioxide Exacerbates Calcium Phosphate and Urate-Induced Oxidative Stress, Injury and Inflammatory Response in Human Kidney-2 Cells.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Article
- Protective Effects of Virgin Olive Oil Against Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle-Induced Hepato-Renal Toxicity: Evidence from Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Restoration of Antioxidant Enzyme Activities.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Untreated Hair Dye Effluents Enter the Environment: Are They a Threat to Human Health?Environmental toxicology · 2026Article
- Metal oxide nanoparticles for acne vulgaris: mechanisms, synthesis, formulation, and translational prospects.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Water-Soluble, Enzyme-Degradable, and Hydrolyzable STAR Particles for Enhanced Drug Delivery to Skin.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Elucidating metabolic dysfunction induced by titanium dioxide in intestinal epithelial cells using an integrative approach of metabolomics and transcriptomics.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Comparative attenuation of TiO₂ nanoparticle dose-dependent toxicities in lung, spleen, and blood by nanoencapsulated wheat germ oil in male rats.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Electromagnetic-Thermal Coupling Competition in Ag@TiONanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Nano TiO2 and direct black marking system for precise localization in intraoperative pathological diagnosis of small tumors.Discover nano · 2026Article
- Lipid adsorbed on the surface of nanomaterials enhances protein corona formation.Environmental science. Nano · 2026Article
- Titanium dioxide nanoparticles in oncology: synthesis, application, and challenges.Cell biology and toxicology · 2026Review
- Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by Flame Spray Pyrolysis and Safety Assessment.Toxics · 2026Article
- The use of minerals, plants and burnt materials in ancient medicine: Approaches to working recipes in John the Physician'sProceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association · 2026Article
- Quantification and characterization of manufactured nanomaterials shed from face masks.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Environmental exposure to rare earth elements and respiratory health: an emerging public health concern.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Morphological Modification of Metal Oxide Nanomaterials Using Different Types of Organic Modifiers.ChemistryOpen · 2025Review
- Impact of Intramedullary Implants on Metallic Element Homeostasis in Children with Forearm Fractures.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicles and Nanoparticles in Regenerative and Personalised Medicine: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Roles-A Narrative Review.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
303 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are manufactured worldwide in large quantities for use in a wide range of applications. TiO2 NPs possess different physicochemical properties compared to their fine particle (FP) analogs, which might alter their bioactivity. Most of the literature cited here has focused on the respiratory system, showing the importance of inhalation as the primary route for TiO2 NP exposure in the workplace. TiO2 NPs may translocate to systemic organs from the lung and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) although the rate of translocation appears low. There have also been studies focusing on other potential routes of human exposure. Oral exposure mainly occurs through food products containing TiO2 NP-additives. Most dermal exposure studies, whether in vivo or in vitro, report that TiO2 NPs do not penetrate the stratum corneum (SC). In the field of nanomedicine, intravenous injection can deliver TiO2 nanoparticulate carriers directly into the human body. Upon intravenous exposure, TiO2 NPs can induce pathological lesions of the liver, spleen, kidneys, and brain. We have also shown here that most of these effects may be due to the use of very high doses of TiO2 NPs. There is also an enormous lack of epidemiological data regarding TiO2 NPs in spite of its increased production and use. However, long-term inhalation studies in rats have reported lung tumors. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the toxicology of TiO2 NPs and points out areas where further information is needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.