Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23586814›Full record

ArticleJournal of proteome research2013

Extensive in vivo human milk peptidomics reveals specific proteolysis yielding protective antimicrobial peptides.

David C Dallas, Andres Guerrero, Nora Khaldi, Patricia A Castillo, William F Martin, Jennifer T Smilowitz, Charles L Bevins, Daniela Barile, J Bruce German, Carlito B Lebrilla

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of proteome research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01817127 (Functional Deconstruction of Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Lipids), which is not on this map. Cited by 78 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
78citing papers in PubMed
9.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01817127 active not recruitingnot on this map

Functional Deconstruction of Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Lipids

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of California, DavisRan2009 to 2028Enrolled395ConditionsHealthy, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

78 citing papers in PubMed, 153 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Comparative inactivation ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and microRNAs: Potential Modulators of Intestinal Homeostasis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025
    Review
  7. mBio · 2025
    Article
  8. Bioactive milk peptides: an updated comprehensive overview and database.Critical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2024
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Origins, Technological Advancement, and Applications of Peptidomics.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024
    Article
  14. Subclinical Mastitis fromJournal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2023
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

David C DallasDepartment of Food Science and Technology, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Andres Guerrero
Nora Khaldi
Patricia A Castillo
William F Martin
Jennifer T Smilowitz
Charles L Bevins
Daniela Barile
J Bruce German
Carlito B Lebrilla
University of California, Davis · USUniversity College Dublin · IE

Funding

The incorporation of human milk oligosaccharides in brain glycoconjugatesR01GM049077 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI LEBRILLA, CARLITO B · 1999 to 2024
$6.3M
Training Program in Biomolecular TechnologyT32GM008799 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI LEACH, J. KENT · 2002 to 2016
$2.4M
Structures, Functions, & Genetic Diversity of Oligosaccharides in MilkR01HD061923 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI LEBRILLA, CARLITO B · 2009 to 2013
$1.6M
Glycomics Equipment: NanoLC CHIP-QTOF Mass SpectrometerS10RR027639 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI LEBRILLA, CARLITO B · 2010 to 2010
$500k
Deciphering the function of naturally occurring peptides in human milkK99HD079561 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI DALLAS, DAVID CHARLES · 2014 to 2015
$157k
NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR027639NICHD NIH HHS K99 HD079561NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD061923NIGMS NIH HHS 2-T3-GM08799NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM049077NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008799
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Milk is traditionally considered an ideal source of the basic elemental nutrients required by infants. More detailed examination is revealing that milk represents a more functional ensemble of components with benefits to both infants and mothers. A comprehensive peptidomics method was developed and used to analyze human milk yielding an extensive array of protein products present in the fluid. Over 300 milk peptides were identified originating from major and many minor protein components of milk. As expected, the majority of peptides derived from β-casein, however no peptide fragments from the major milk proteins lactoferrin, α-lactalbumin, and secretory immunoglobulin A were identified. Proteolysis in the mammary gland is selective-released peptides were drawn only from specific proteins and typically from only select parts of the parent sequence. A large number of the peptides showed significant sequence overlap with peptides with known antimicrobial or immunomodulatory functions. Antibacterial assays showed the milk peptide mixtures inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . The predigestion of milk proteins and the consequent release of antibacterial peptides may provide a selective advantage through evolution by protecting both the mother's mammary gland and her nursing offspring from infection.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceAnti-Bacterial AgentsDisk Diffusion Antimicrobial TestsEscherichia coliFemaleHumansMilk, HumanMilk ProteinsMolecular Sequence DataPeptide FragmentsProteolysisProteomicsStaphylococcus aureusAnti-Bacterial AgentsMilk ProteinsPeptide Fragments

Identifiers

PMID23586814
PMCPMC3662810
OpenAlexW2033959392

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.