ArticleThe primary care companion for CNS disorders2012
Depression, quality of life, work productivity, resource use, and costs among women experiencing menopause and hot flashes: a cross-sectional study.
Article in The primary care companion for CNS disorders, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of physical activity on depressive and anxiety symptoms of women in the menopausal transition and menopause: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Pooled it
- Characterizing the spectrum of distress symptoms in midlife women with perimenopausal depression.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Trial
- The Impact of Estradiol Dynamics During the Menopause Transition on Depression Risk: A Narrative Review of Estradiol's Neurobiological Mechanisms.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- A Systematic Review of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among Women Experiencing Vasomotor Symptoms Across Reproductive Stages in the US.International journal of women's health · 2025Review
- "But at a certain point, the lights literally went out": A qualitative study exploring midlife women's experiences of health, wellbeing, and functioning in relation to paid work.Work (Reading, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Menopause and work: A narrative literature review about menopause, work and health.Work (Reading, Mass.) · 2022Review
- The Relationship between Health Status and Social Activity of Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women (Health Status and Social Relationships in Menopause).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Association of phthalate exposure and endogenous hormones with self-reported sleep disruptions: results from the Midlife Women's Health Study.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Effect of Headache-Free Days on Disability, Productivity, Quality of Life, and Costs Among Individuals with Migraine.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2020Article
- Estradiol Fluctuation, Sensitivity to Stress, and Depressive Symptoms in the Menopause Transition: A Pilot Study.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- Health-related quality of life outcomes, economic burden, and associated costs among diagnosed and undiagnosed depression patients in Japan.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2019Article
- The impact of menopausal symptoms on quality of life, productivity, and economic outcomes.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2013Article
- The mental health challenges, especially suicidality, experienced by women during perimenopause and menopause: A qualitative study.Women's health (London, England)Article
- Neurokinin receptor antagonists as potential non-hormonal treatments for vasomotor symptoms of menopause.Therapeutic advances in reproductive healthReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the effect of depression on health-related quality of life, work productivity, resource use, and costs among women experiencing menopausal symptoms, including hot flashes.
methodThe study included data from the 2005 US National Health and Wellness Survey (N = 41,184), a cross-sectional, Internet-based survey representative of the adult US population. Among women who reported experiencing menopausal symptoms, including hot flashes, women who reported experiencing depression in the last year (n = 1,165) were compared with women who did not report experiencing depression in the last year (n = 2,467), controlling for demographic and health characteristics. Outcome measures included health-related quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study 8-item Short-Form Health Survey [SF-8]), work productivity within the past 7 days, self-reported health care resource use within the past 6 months, and indirect and direct costs.
resultsWomen experiencing depression were significantly more likely to be white, to be unemployed, to be uninsured, to currently smoke, to not exercise, and to be obese (all P < .05). After controlling for these differences, women experiencing depression reported significantly lower mental (39.66 vs 50.85, P < .05) and physical (44.05 vs 46.38, P < .05) SF-8 component summary scores. Similarly, the prevalences of time missed from work (5.31% vs 2.80%, P < .05), impairment while at work (25.00% vs 14.32%, P < .05), and impairment of daily activities (37.32% vs 23.16%, P < .05) due to health were greater among women experiencing depression. The numbers of physician visits (2.47 vs 1.77, P < .05), emergency room visits (0.27 vs 0.16, P < .05), and days hospitalized (0.36 vs 0.18, P < .05) in the past 6 months were also higher among women experiencing depression. Per woman per year indirect and direct costs were $3,066 and $1,075 higher, respectively, for women experiencing depression compared with those not experiencing depression.
conclusionApproximately one-third of women experiencing menopausal symptoms, including hot flashes, also reported experiencing depression. These women reported significantly worse quality of life and significantly greater work productivity loss, health care resource use, and costs. Given the prevalence and burden, these findings suggest that proper assessment and management of depressive symptoms among women with menopause may have an important humanistic and economic benefit.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.