ArticlePLoS medicine2013
Life expectancies of South African adults starting antiretroviral treatment: collaborative analysis of cohort studies.
Article in PLoS medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 227 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Characterization and Management of Patients With HIV-1 Infection Who Experience Virologic Failure Despite Combination Antiretroviral Therapy
Prevalence, Socio-demographic Correlates of Substance Use Disorders Among HIV-infected Adults in Cameroon, and Their Influence on Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and Immunological Feature: Study Protocol for a Retrospective Cohort Study
Who cites it
227 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diagnostic accuracy of the WHO clinical staging system for detection of immunologically defined advanced HIV disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.HIV medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The costs of interventions for type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease in South Africa - a systematic literature review.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- HIV/AIDS late presentation and its associated factors in China from 2010 to 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review of research focused on pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV: A relational ethics perspective.Bioethics · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Including the Household: Individual, Community and Household Factors Affecting Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence After ART Initiation in Cape Town, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2024Trial
- Effect of the Friendship Bench Intervention on Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes and Mental Health Symptoms in Rural Zimbabwe: A Cluster Randomized Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Effect of tuberculosis screening and retention interventions on early antiretroviral therapy mortality in Botswana: a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial.BMC medicine · 2020Trial
- Factors affecting linkage to HIV care and ART initiation following referral for ART by a mobile health clinic in South Africa: evidence from a multimethod study.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2019Trial
- Assessing rates and contextual predictors of 5-year mortality among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals following HIV testing in Durban, South Africa.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Cost-effectiveness of universal isoniazid preventive therapy among HIV-infected pregnant women in South Africa.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2018Trial
- Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of a Demand Creation Intervention to Increase Uptake of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in Tanzania: Spending More to Spend Less.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- A Conditional Economic Incentive Fails to Improve Linkage to Care and Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Among HIV-Positive Adults in Cape Town, South Africa.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2018Trial
- High prevalence of non-communicable diseases and associated risk factors amongst adults living with HIV in Cambodia.PloS one · 2017Trial
- Randomized Trial of Food Effect on Pharmacokinetic Parameters of ABX464 Administered Orally to Healthy Male Subjects.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Trial
- HIV-1-Specific Antibody Response and Function after DNA Prime and Recombinant Adenovirus 5 Boost HIV Vaccine in HIV-Infected Subjects.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Partner-based adherence intervention for second-line antiretroviral therapy (ACTG A5234): a multinational randomised trial.The lancet. HIV · 2015Trial
- Adaptation and Validation of Brief Tablet-Based Cognitive Assessment Tool in Uganda.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
167 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFew estimates exist of the life expectancy of HIV-positive adults receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to estimate the life expectancy of patients starting ART in South Africa and compare it with that of HIV-negative adults. METHODS AND
findingsData were collected from six South African ART cohorts. Analysis was restricted to 37,740 HIV-positive adults starting ART for the first time. Estimates of mortality were obtained by linking patient records to the national population register. Relative survival models were used to estimate the excess mortality attributable to HIV by age, for different baseline CD4 categories and different durations. Non-HIV mortality was estimated using a South African demographic model. The average life expectancy of men starting ART varied between 27.6 y (95% CI: 25.2-30.2) at age 20 y and 10.1 y (95% CI: 9.3-10.8) at age 60 y, while estimates for women at the same ages were substantially higher, at 36.8 y (95% CI: 34.0-39.7) and 14.4 y (95% CI: 13.3-15.3), respectively. The life expectancy of a 20-y-old woman was 43.1 y (95% CI: 40.1-46.0) if her baseline CD4 count was ≥ 200 cells/µl, compared to 29.5 y (95% CI: 26.2-33.0) if her baseline CD4 count was <50 cells/µl. Life expectancies of patients with baseline CD4 counts ≥ 200 cells/µl were between 70% and 86% of those in HIV-negative adults of the same age and sex, and life expectancies were increased by 15%-20% in patients who had survived 2 y after starting ART. However, the analysis was limited by a lack of mortality data at longer durations.
conclusionsSouth African HIV-positive adults can have a near-normal life expectancy, provided that they start ART before their CD4 count drops below 200 cells/µl. These findings demonstrate that the near-normal life expectancies of HIV-positive individuals receiving ART in high-income countries can apply to low- and middle-income countries as well. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.