Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23585477›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2013

MERTK receptor tyrosine kinase is a therapeutic target in melanoma.

Jennifer Schlegel, Maria J Sambade, Susan Sather, Stergios J Moschos, Aik-Choon Tan, Amanda Winges, Deborah DeRyckere, Craig C Carson, Dimitri G Trembath, John J Tentler and 15 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
100citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

100 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 144 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. MERTK Inhibition as a Targeted Novel Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. PCSK9 facilitates melanoma pathogenesis via a network regulating tumor immunity.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023
    Article
  20. Article

40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.

Jennifer SchlegelDepartment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.
Maria J Sambade
Susan Sather
Stergios J Moschos
Aik-Choon Tan
Amanda Winges
Deborah DeRyckere
Craig C Carson
Dimitri G Trembath
John J Tentler
S Gail Eckhardt
Pei-Fen Kuan
Ronald L Hamilton
Lyn M Duncan
C Ryan Miller
Nana Nikolaishvili-Feinberg
Bentley R Midkiff
Jing Liu
Weihe Zhang
Chao Yang
Xiaodong Wang
Stephen V Frye
H Shelton Earp
Janiel M Shields
Douglas K Graham
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · USSegeberger Kliniken · DEUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USBrunswick (United States) · USEmory University Hospital · USHarvard University · USLivestrong Foundation · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

Virology Research Program (Program 4)P30CA016086 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Deborah F. Tate · 1985 to 2026
$201.5M
University of Colorado Cancer Center Support Grant - Lung Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts with Autologous Human Immune SystemsP30CA046934 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI James V Degregori · 1988 to 2026
$117.0M
UCHSC DIABETES ENDOCRINOLOGY RESEARCH CENTERP30DK057516 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI HUTTON, JOHN C · 2000 to 2010
$14.0M
The System of Response to DNA Damage Suppresses Environmental MelanomagenesisP01ES014635 · NIEHS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI SANCAR, AZIZ · 2007 to 2011
$6.7M
POSTGRADUATE TRAINING IN PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGYT32CA082086 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI GORE, LIA · 2000 to 2015
$4.1M
Novel Biologically Targeted Therapy Against the Mer and Axl Receptor Tyrosine KinR01CA137078 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI GRAHAM, DOUGLAS K · 2010 to 2014
$1.5M
Role of Downstream Signaling in EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor RadiosentitizationR01CA115888 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI SHIELDS, JANIEL M · 2006 to 2009
$753k
NCI NIH HHS 3P30CA016086NCI NIH HHS CA115888NCI NIH HHS HHSN261200800001ENCI NIH HHS P30 CA016086NCI NIH HHS P30 CA046934NCI NIH HHS R01 CA115888NCI NIH HHS R01 CA137078NCI NIH HHS R01CA137078NCI NIH HHS T32 CA082086NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK057516NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK57516NIEHS NIH HHS ES014635NIEHS NIH HHS P01 ES014635
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Metastatic melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of cutaneous cancers. Although recent therapeutic advances have prolonged patient survival, the prognosis remains dismal. C-MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MERTK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase with oncogenic properties that is often overexpressed or activated in various malignancies. Using both protein immunohistochemistry and microarray analyses, we demonstrate that MERTK expression correlates with disease progression. MERTK expression was highest in metastatic melanomas, followed by primary melanomas, while the lowest expression was observed in nevi. Additionally, over half of melanoma cell lines overexpressed MERTK compared with normal human melanocytes; however, overexpression did not correlate with mutations in BRAF or RAS. Stimulation of melanoma cells with the MERTK ligand GAS6 resulted in the activation of several downstream signaling pathways including MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, and JAK/STAT. MERTK inhibition via shRNA reduced MERTK-mediated downstream signaling, reduced colony formation by up to 59%, and diminished tumor volume by 60% in a human melanoma murine xenograft model. Treatment of melanoma cells with UNC1062, a novel MERTK-selective small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, reduced activation of MERTK-mediated downstream signaling, induced apoptosis in culture, reduced colony formation in soft agar, and inhibited invasion of melanoma cells. This work establishes MERTK as a therapeutic target in melanoma and provides a rationale for the continued development of MERTK-targeted therapies.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticAnimalsApoptosisCell Line, Tumorc-Mer Tyrosine KinaseDisease ProgressionEnzyme InhibitorsFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGrowth Arrest-Specific Protein 6HumansImmunohistochemistryIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMelanocytesMelanomaMicec-Mer Tyrosine KinaseEnzyme InhibitorsGrowth Arrest-Specific Protein 6Intercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMAS1 protein, humanMERTK protein, humanProto-Oncogene MasProto-Oncogene ProteinsReceptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases

Identifiers

PMID23585477
PMCPMC3639697
OpenAlexW1969485126

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.