Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23585120›Full record

ArticleMolecular neurobiology2013

Thrombin mediates migration of rat brain astrocytes via PLC, Ca²⁺, CaMKII, PKCα, and AP-1-dependent matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression.

Chih-Chung Lin, I-Ta Lee, Wen-Bin Wu, Chiung-Ju Liu, Hsi-Lung Hsieh, Li-Der Hsiao, Chien-Chung Yang, Chuen-Mao Yang

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Mechanistic insights into the liver-brain axis during chronic liver disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026
    Review
  2. Astrocytic ET-1 System Determines Microglia Phenotype Following Spinal Cord Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Astrocytes in Migration.Neurochemical research · 2017
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Chih-Chung LinDepartment of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
I-Ta Lee
Wen-Bin Wu
Chiung-Ju Liu
Hsi-Lung Hsieh
Li-Der Hsiao
Chien-Chung Yang
Chuen-Mao Yang
Chang Gung University · TWChang Gung Memorial Hospital · TWChang Gung University of Science and Technology · TWFu Jen Catholic University · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays a crucial role in pathological processes of brain inflammation, injury, and neurodegeneration. Thrombin has been known as a regulator of MMP-9 expression and cells migration. However, the mechanisms underlying thrombin-induced MMP-9 expression in rat brain astrocytes (RBA-1 cells) remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that thrombin induced the expression of pro-form MMP-9 and migration of RBA-1 cells, which were inhibited by pretreatment with the inhibitor of Gq-coupled receptor (GPAnt2A), Gi/o-coupled receptor (GPAnt2), PC-PLC (D609), PI-PLC (U73122), Ca(2+)-ATPase (thapsigargin, TG), calmodulin (CaMI), CaMKII (KN62), PKC (Gö6976 or GF109203X), MEK1/2 (PD98059), p38 MAPK (SB202190), JNK1/2 (SP600125), or AP-1 (Tanshinone IIA) or the intracellular calcium chelator (BAPTA/AM) and transfection with siRNA of PKCα, Erk2, JNK1, p38 MAPK, c-Jun, or c-Fos. In addition, thrombin-induced elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration was attenuated by PPACK (a thrombin inhibitor). Thrombin further induced CaMKII phosphorylation and PKCα translocation, which were inhibited by U73122, D609, KN62, TG, or BAPTA/AM. Thrombin also induced PKCα-dependent p42/p44 MAPK and JNK1/2, but not p38 MAPK activation. Finally, we showed that thrombin enhanced c-Fos expression and c-Jun phosphorylation. c-Fos mRNA levels induced by thrombin were reduced by PD98059, SP600125, and Gö6976, but not SB202190. Thrombin stimulated in vivo binding of c-Fos to the MMP-9 promoter, which was reduced by pretreatment with SP600125 or PD98059, but not SB202190. These results concluded that thrombin activated a PLC/Ca(2+)/CaMKII/PKCα/p42/p44 MAPK and JNK1/2 pathway, which in turn triggered AP-1 activation and ultimately induced MMP-9 expression in RBA-1 cells.

Indexed as

AnimalsAstrocytesBrainCalciumCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2CalmodulinCell MovementCells, CulturedEnzyme PrecursorsMatrix Metalloproteinase 9Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesProtein BiosynthesisProtein Kinase C-alphaRatsReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledSignal TransductionCalciumCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2CalmodulinEnzyme PrecursorsMatrix Metalloproteinase 9Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinasesphosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase Cpro-matrix metalloproteinase 9Protein Kinase C-alphaReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledThrombinTranscription Factor AP-1Type C Phospholipases

Identifiers

PMID23585120
OpenAlexW1982480910

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.