ArticleNature2013
A CRISPR/Cas system mediates bacterial innate immune evasion and virulence.
Article in Nature, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 229 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
229 citing papers in PubMed, 438 citations in OpenAlex.
- Surviving phage attack primes bacterial immunity to defeat counterdefenses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- MtvS1 and MtvS2 Interact with RNA polymerase to regulate the Francisella type V-A CRISPR-Cas system.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Beyond adaptive immunity: Functional diversity of the type III-A CRISPR-Cas system inCell insight · 2026Review
- CRISPR Technology for Livestock Improvement: Advances and Future Directions.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Review
- A leader-repeat hairpin blocks extraneous CRISPR RNA production in diverse CRISPR-Cas13 systems.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Orn-mediated c-di-GMP regulates the CRISPR-Cas system to confer stress response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- The CRISPR/Cas-associated scaRNA modulatesmicroLife · 2026Article
- Disrupting Viral Persistence: CRISPR/Cas9-Based Strategies for Hepatitis B and C Treatment, and Challenges.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Cas9 modulatesMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025Article
- Acquisition of Spacers from Foreign Prokaryotic Genomes by CRISPR-Cas Systems in Natural Environments.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Type I-E* CRISPR-Cas ofmSphere · 2025Article
- Structural basis of a dual-function type II-B CRISPR-Cas9.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Oral microbiota and respiratory diseases: advances and perspectives.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Insights into the compact CRISPR-Cas9d system.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Role of CRISPR-Cas systems in periodontal disease pathogenesis and potential for periodontal therapy: A review.Molecular oral microbiology · 2025Review
- Review
- CRISPRJournal of oral microbiology · 2025Article
- Metagenomic CRISPR Array Analysis Tool: a novel graph-based approach to finding CRISPR arrays in metagenomic datasets.microLife · 2025Article
169 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated) systems are a bacterial defence against invading foreign nucleic acids derived from bacteriophages or exogenous plasmids. These systems use an array of small CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) consisting of repetitive sequences flanking unique spacers to recognize their targets, and conserved Cas proteins to mediate target degradation. Recent studies have suggested that these systems may have broader functions in bacterial physiology, and it is unknown if they regulate expression of endogenous genes. Here we demonstrate that the Cas protein Cas9 of Francisella novicida uses a unique, small, CRISPR/Cas-associated RNA (scaRNA) to repress an endogenous transcript encoding a bacterial lipoprotein. As bacterial lipoproteins trigger a proinflammatory innate immune response aimed at combating pathogens, CRISPR/Cas-mediated repression of bacterial lipoprotein expression is critical for F. novicida to dampen this host response and promote virulence. Because Cas9 proteins are highly enriched in pathogenic and commensal bacteria, our work indicates that CRISPR/Cas-mediated gene regulation may broadly contribute to the regulation of endogenous bacterial genes, particularly during the interaction of such bacteria with eukaryotic hosts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.