ArticleThe American journal of pathology2013
IFN-γ mediates the antitumor effects of radiation therapy in a murine colon tumor.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bridging Radiotherapy to Immunotherapy: The IFN-JAK-STAT Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Intraoperative radiation therapy induces immune response activity after pancreatic surgery.BMC cancer · 2021Trial
- Restorative effect of Rehmanniae radix praeparata on T-cell and NK-cell-mediated immune reconstitution in mice following radiation-induced injury.Journal of radiation research · 2026Article
- Fluorescence tracking Treg movement identifies anti-CCR8 and radiation as a therapeutic combination.iScience · 2026Article
- Harnessing the Power of CAR-NK Cells for Solid Tumors: Challenges, Innovations, and Future Frontiers in Immunotherapy.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Review
- Targeting the Enhanced Sensitivity of Radiotherapy in Cancer: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges.MedComm · 2025Review
- Impacts of combining PD-L1 inhibitor and radiotherapy on the tumour immune microenvironment in a mouse model of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Article
- Proton radiation boosts the efficacy of mesothelin-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in pancreatic cancer.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Radiation dose, schedule, and novel systemic targets for radio-immunotherapy combinations.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
- Review
- Article
- Low-dose total body irradiation enhances systemic anti-tumor immunity induced by local cryotherapy.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Harnessing the Immunological Effects of Radiation to Improve Immunotherapies in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Radiotherapy combined with anti-CEACAM1 immunotherapy to induce survival advantage in glioma.Discover oncology · 2023Article
- T cell effects and mechanisms in immunotherapy of head and neck tumors.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- Immunotherapy reverses glioma-driven dysfunction of immune system homeostasis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
- Radiopharmaceuticals heat anti-tumor immunity.Theranostics · 2023Review
- Combination of NKG2A and PD-1 Blockade Improves Radiotherapy Response in Radioresistant Tumors.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- IFN-γ affects pancreatic cancer properties by MACC1-AS1/MACC1 axis via AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2022Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cancer treatments using ionizing radiation (IR) therapy are thought to act primarily through the induction of tumor cell damage at a molecular level. However, a new concept has recently emerged, suggesting that the immune system is required for effective IR therapy. Our work here has identified interferon gamma (IFN-γ) as an essential cytokine for the efficacy of IR therapy. Local IR (15 Gy) to mice bearing Colon38, a colon adenocarcinoma, decreases tumor burden in wild-type animals. Interestingly, IR therapy had no effect on tumor burden in IFNγKO mice. We further determined that intratumoral levels of IFN-γ increased 2 days following IR, which directly correlated with a decrease in tumor burden that was not a result of direct cytotoxic effects of IFN-γ on tumor cells. T cells from IR-treated tumors exhibited a far greater capacity to lyse tumor cells in a (51)Cr release assay, a process that was dependent on IFN-γ. CD8(+) T cells were the predominant producers of IFN-γ, as demonstrated by IFN-γ intracellular staining and studies in IFN-γ reporter mice. Elimination of CD8(+) T cells by antibody treatment reduced the intratumoral levels of IFN-γ by over 90%. More importantly, elimination of CD8(+) T cells completely abrogated the effects of radiation therapy. Our data suggest that IFN-γ plays a pivotal role in mediating the antitumor effects of IR therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.