Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23582727›Full record

ReviewLancet (London, England)2013

Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea.

Christa L Fischer Walker, Igor Rudan, Li Liu, Harish Nair, Evropi Theodoratou, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Katherine L O'Brien, Harry Campbell, Robert E Black

5 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Lancet (London, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,122 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1,122citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02258763 phase4completednot on this mapstarted 2014, after this paper: background citation

Pneumonia in Children: Aetiology, Ideal Antibiotic Duration, Quality of Life

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of MalayaRan2014 to 2018Enrolled19ConditionsPneumoniaArmsAmoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination, Placebo
NCT02878031 phase4completednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Community Case Management of Chest Indrawing Pneumonia With Oral Amoxicillin in Children Aged 2-59 Months Old by Community Oriented Resources Persons (CORPs) in Niger State, Nigeria

TypeinterventionalSponsorMalaria ConsortiumRan2016 to 2018Enrolled191ConditionsPneumoniaArmsOral amoxicillin for CI pneumonia
NCT03027206 early_phase1completednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Vibration Techniques and Expiratory Flow Acceleration in Premature Pain Parameters With Pneumonia

TypeinterventionalSponsorAmazon UniversityRan2015 to 2016Enrolled28ConditionsPremature, Pneumonia, Pain, PhysiotherapyArmsVibration technique, Acceleration of expiratory flow
NCT03959956 completednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Community Use of Digital Auscultation to Improve Diagnosis of Pediatric Pneumonia in Sylhet, Bangladesh

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of EdinburghRan2019 to 2023Enrolled990ConditionsChildhood PneumoniaArmsRecording lung sound by a Smartscope
NCT04782037 phase4unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Effectiveness of Folic Acid Supplementation in Acute Watery Diarrhea Among Children Under 5 Years of Age

TypeinterventionalSponsorKing Edward Medical UniversityRan2020 to 2022Enrolled324ConditionsDiarrhoea, AcuteArmsL-Methylfolate Calcium
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1,122 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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1,062 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Christa L Fischer WalkerDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Igor RudanCentre for Population Health Sciences and Global Health Academy, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, UK.
Li LiuDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Harish NairCentre for Population Health Sciences and Global Health Academy, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, UK; Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
Evropi TheodoratouCentre for Population Health Sciences and Global Health Academy, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, UK.
Zulfiqar A BhuttaAga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Katherine L O'BrienDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Harry CampbellCentre for Population Health Sciences and Global Health Academy, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, UK.
Robert E BlackDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: rblack@jhsph.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diarrhoea and pneumonia are the leading infectious causes of childhood morbidity and mortality. We comprehensively reviewed the epidemiology of childhood diarrhoea and pneumonia in 2010-11 to inform the planning of integrated control programmes for both illnesses. We estimated that, in 2010, there were 1·731 billion episodes of diarrhoea (36 million of which progressed to severe episodes) and 120 million episodes of pneumonia (14 million of which progressed to severe episodes) in children younger than 5 years. We estimated that, in 2011, 700,000 episodes of diarrhoea and 1·3 million of pneumonia led to death. A high proportion of deaths occurs in the first 2 years of life in both diseases--72% for diarrhoea and 81% for pneumonia. The epidemiology of childhood diarrhoea and that of pneumonia overlap, which might be partly because of shared risk factors, such as undernutrition, suboptimum breastfeeding, and zinc deficiency. Rotavirus is the most common cause of vaccine-preventable severe diarrhoea (associated with 28% of cases), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (18·3%) of vaccine-preventable severe pneumonia. Morbidity and mortality from childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea are falling, but action is needed globally and at country level to accelerate the reduction.

Indexed as

Global HealthChildDiarrheaFemaleHumansIncidenceMalnutritionPneumoniaRisk FactorsRotavirus Infections

Identifiers

PMID23582727
PMCPMC7159282

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.