ArticleJournal of immigrant and minority health2014
Risk factors for hookah smoking among arabs and chaldeans.
Article in Journal of immigrant and minority health, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Social Ties and Behavioral Diffusion of Tobacco Use in Arab American Networks.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Arab, Middle Eastern, and North African Health Disparities Research: A Scoping Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Review
- Religiosity Influences Legalization of Marijuana among Chaldean Americans.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2024Article
- Cigarette Smoking among US- and Foreign-Born European and Arab American Non-Hispanic White Men and Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2018Article
- Determinants of Tobacco and Hookah Smoking in a Nationally Representative Sample of Iranian Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN-IV Study.Iranian Red Crescent medical journal · 2016Article
- Factors Affecting Hookah Smoking Trend in the Society: A Review Article.Addiction & health · 2016Review
- The allure of the waterpipe: a narrative review of factors affecting the epidemic rise in waterpipe smoking among young persons globally.Tobacco control · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hookah smoking is more prevalent among individuals of Middle Eastern descent. This study examined general and ethnic-specific risk factors for hookah smoking among Arabs and Chaldeans. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was conducted among 801 adults residing in Southeast Michigan. Binary logistic regression modeling was used to predict risk factors for hookah smoking. Hookah smoking was significantly more prevalent among Arabs (32%) than Chaldeans (26%, p < 0.01) and being Arab was a risk factor for lifetime hookah use. Younger age (<25 years), being male, higher annual income, and having health insurance were significant risk factors for hookah use. Chaldeans believed to a greater extent than Arabs that smoking hookah is less harmful than cigarette smoking (75 vs. 52%, p < 0.001). Hookah smoking is prevalent in both ethnic groups, but significantly higher among Arabs. Results indicate that prevention efforts should target younger males with higher incomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.