ArticleCell death & disease2013
Hox-C9 activates the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and is associated with spontaneous regression in neuroblastoma.
Article in Cell death & disease, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 167 papers.
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Who cites it
167 citing papers in PubMed, 233 citations in OpenAlex.
- HOXC9 promotes cell proliferation and suppresses mitochondria-dependent apoptosis through the AKT/mTOR pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- Epigenetic modulation of NKG2D ligands enhances NKG2D-CAR T cell efficacy in neuroblastoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Single-cell and spatial omics reveals region-specific plasticity and therapeutic vulnerabilities in metastatic high-risk neuroblastoma.Science advances · 2026Article
- DNA-PKcs promotes therapy resistance and metastatic recurrence in neuroblastoma.Cancer letters · 2026Article
- Neuroblastoma cell growth and survival promoted by DNMT3B and its inhibition demonstrates anti-tumor effects.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- KDM5D expression is lost in cisplatin‑resistant neuroblastoma cells.Oncology reports · 2026Article
- Ribosomal modifications are associated with mesenchymal fate selection in the neural crest lineage.Nature communications · 2026Article
- O-GlcNAcylation expression predicts a favorable prognosis and mitigates malignant phenotypes via MYCN suppression in neuroblastoma.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Article
- YAP1 Enhances Mesenchymal-Type Gene Expression in Human Adrenergic-Type Neuroblastoma Cells.Cancers · 2026Article
- PP2A activation targets MYCN in neuroblastoma.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- The diverse roles of Hox proteins in the regulation of the cell cycle and their therapeutic value in cancer treatment.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Repurposing MK0873 as a non-covalent hTERT-Targeting compound: a proof of concept study.Frontiers in aging · 2026Article
- Fuelling Neuroblastoma: Genomic Analysis of Ketolytic and Glycolytic Gene Expression in Relation to MYCN Oncogene Amplification, Stage and Prognosis.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Single-cell and Spatial Omics Reveals Region-Specific Plasticity and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Metastatic High-Risk Neuroblastoma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Novel Strategy for Acquiring Metabolically-Tagged Nascent Extracellular Vesicles: Implications for Identifying Surface Protein Markers of Extracellular Vesicles From Neuroblastoma Cells Cultured With Native Serum.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Trajectory analysis reveals an uncommitted neuroblastic state in MYCN-driven neuroblastoma development.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Targeted ferroptosis induction enhances chemotherapy efficacy in chemoresistant neuroblastoma.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Restoring mitochondrial quantity and quality to reverse the Warburg effect and drive neuroblastoma differentiation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
107 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is an embryonal malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system. Spontaneous regression and differentiation of neuroblastoma is observed in a subset of patients, and has been suggested to represent delayed activation of physiologic molecular programs of fetal neuroblasts. Homeobox genes constitute an important family of transcription factors, which play a fundamental role in morphogenesis and cell differentiation during embryogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate that expression of the majority of the human HOX class I homeobox genes is significantly associated with clinical covariates in neuroblastoma using microarray expression data of 649 primary tumors. Moreover, a HOX gene expression-based classifier predicted neuroblastoma patient outcome independently of age, stage and MYCN amplification status. Among all HOX genes, HOXC9 expression was most prominently associated with favorable prognostic markers. Most notably, elevated HOXC9 expression was significantly associated with spontaneous regression in infant neuroblastoma. Re-expression of HOXC9 in three neuroblastoma cell lines led to a significant reduction in cell viability, and abrogated tumor growth almost completely in neuroblastoma xenografts. Neuroblastoma growth arrest was related to the induction of programmed cell death, as indicated by an increase in the sub-G1 fraction and translocation of phosphatidylserine to the outer membrane. Programmed cell death was associated with the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol and activation of the intrinsic cascade of caspases, indicating that HOXC9 re-expression triggers the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Collectively, our results show a strong prognostic impact of HOX gene expression in neuroblastoma, and may point towards a role of Hox-C9 in neuroblastoma spontaneous regression.
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