ArticleNephro-urology monthly2013
Smoking and chronic kidney disease in healthy populations.
Article in Nephro-urology monthly, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of the Effects of Cigarette Smoke on the Renal Morphology of WISTAR Rats.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Nicotinism vs. Glomerulopathies-Smoking as a Risk Factor for Primary Glomerulopathies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- PREVALENCE, Characteristics, and Awareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Croatia: The EH-UH 2 Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- A quality improvement initiative for patients with chronic kidney disease to promote their smoking cessation.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Gender-biased kidney damage in mice following exposure to tobacco cigarette smoke: More protection in premenopausal females.Physiological reports · 2020Article
- Chronic Environmental and Occupational Lead Exposure and Kidney Function among African Americans: Dallas Lead Project II.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Prevalence and related risk factors of chronic kidney disease among adults in Luxembourg: evidence from the observation of cardiovascular risk factors (ORISCAV-LUX) study.BMC nephrology · 2017Article
- Associations of smoking with cardiometabolic profile and renal function in a Romanian population-based sample from the PREDATORR cross-sectional study.The European journal of general practice · 2017Article
- Cigarette smoking and cardio-renal events in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis.PloS one · 2017Article
- Cigarette smoking causes epigenetic changes associated with cardiorenal fibrosis.Physiological genomics · 2016Article
- Hypoxia: The Force that Drives Chronic Kidney Disease.Clinical medicine & research · 2016Review
- Association between absolute blood eosinophil count and CKD stages among cardiac patients.Heart and vessels · 2016Article
- Blood Pressure, Heart Rate Variability, and Renal Function in Nonsmoker and Smoker Hypertensive Patients.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2015Article
- Different association of cigarette smoking with GFR estimated from serum creatinine and that from serum cystatin C in the general population.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2015Article
- Sleep apnea and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study.Sleep · 2015Article
- Elevated Blood Pressure and Serum γ -Glutamyltransferase as Significant Characteristics of Smokers With Chronic Kidney Disease.Nephro-urology monthly · 2014Article
- Article
- Diabetic nephropathy for the primary care provider: new understandings on early detection and treatment.Ochsner journal · 2014Review
- Elevated Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) Activity and the Development of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Cigarette Smokers.Nephro-urology monthly · 2013Article
- The effects of continuing and discontinuing smoking on the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the healthy middle-aged working population in Japan.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The objective of this review is to explore the link between smoking and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in generally healthy populations without pre-existing renal dysfunction such as diabetic nephropathy. Twenty-eight epidemiological studies concerning the renal effects of smoking in the general population were collected from the MEDLINE database and were reviewed for indications of proteinuria and/or the decline of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and evaluated on the level of evidence and the quality of the study. Sixteen of the 28 studies were cross-sectional in design. Most articles had some weakness in scope, such as the 6 articles which did not fully exclude DM patients from the subjects, the 4 that did not consider the effects of ex-smoking, and the 3 that focused on only a small number of subjects. From these cases, it is difficult to draw firm conclusions. However, proteinuria or microalbuminuria was persistently high in current smokers; as much as 5-8% or 8-15% respectively, which was up to 2 to 3-times the rate of lifelong non-smokers. On the other hand, only 5 studies broader in scope detected any decline of GFR in smokers, while 9 other studies suggested a higher GFR in smokers than in non-smokers. Two good quality studies showed an even a significantly lower risk of a decreased GFR in smokers. These paradoxical CKD markers in smokers, i.e., a higher appearance of proteinuria with a higher GFR, could be a focus for further studies to reveal the underlying reasons for smoking-induced CKD. Workplaces may be an excellent place to study this subject since the long-term changes in renal function of smokers can be observed by collecting data in the annual health check-ups mandated at places of employment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.