ArticlePloS one2013
Characteristics of opioid-users whose death was related to opioid-toxicity: a population-based study in Ontario, Canada.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterizing post-mortem blood concentrations in methadone-related deaths.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Sensitivity and specificity of International Classification of Diseases algorithms (ICD-9 and ICD-10) used to identify opioid-related overdose cases: A systematic review and an example of estimation using Bayesian latent class models in the absence of gold standards.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2024Pooled it
- Health harms of non-medical prescription opioid use: A systematic review.Drug and alcohol review · 2022Pooled it
- Determinants of increased opioid-related mortality in the United States and Canada, 1990-2013: a systematic review.American journal of public health · 2014Pooled it
- Reframing the Overdose Crisis: Stigma, Industry Influence, and the Politics of Abuse-Deterrent Opioids.International journal of social determinants of health and health services · 2026Article
- Understanding the social networks that contribute to diversion in hospital inpatient pharmacies: A social network analysis.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2024Article
- Epidemiological Aspects of Opioid Poisoning in Northern Iran: A Registry-Based Clinical Study.Health services insights · 2024Article
- Uncovering the Hidden Burden of Pharmaceutical Poisoning in High-Income and Low-Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Factors associated with suicide in people who use drugs: a scoping review.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Exploring the contextual risk factors and characteristics of individuals who died from the acute toxic effects of opioids and other illegal substances: listening to the coroner and medical examiner voice.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2023Article
- The efficacy of intranasal leptin for opioid-induced respiratory depression depends on sex and obesity state.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Barriers and facilitators to opioid agonist treatment (OAT) engagement among individuals released from federal incarceration into the community in Ontario, Canada.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2022Article
- Opioid agonist treatment take-home doses ('carries'): Are current guidelines resulting in low treatment coverage among high-risk populations in Canada and the USA?Harm reduction journal · 2022Review
- A scoping review of opioid harm reduction interventions for equity-deserving populations.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Opioid Use Disorder among Patients with Cancer-Related Pain: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Opioid-specific medication-assisted therapy and its impact on criminal justice and overdose outcomes.Campbell systematic reviews · 2022Article
- Overdose deaths from nonprescribed prescription opioids, heroin, and other synthetic opioids in Medicare beneficiaries.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2021Article
- Alcohol and other drugs in suicide in Canada: opportunities to support prevention through enhanced monitoring.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2021Article
- Pharmaceutical opioids utilisation by dose, formulation, and socioeconomic status in Queensland, Australia: a population study over 22 years.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2021Article
- Detection of Suicidality Among Opioid Users on Reddit: Machine Learning-Based Approach.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe impact of the prescription opioid public health crisis has been illustrated by the dramatic increase in opioid-related deaths in North America. We aimed to identify patterns and characteristics amongst opioid-users whose cause of death was related to opioid toxicity.
methodsThis was a population-based study of Ontarians between the years 2006 and 2008. All drug-related deaths which occurred during this time frame were reviewed at the Office of the Chief Coroner of Ontario, and opioid-related deaths were identified. Medical, toxicology, pathology, and police reports were comprehensively reviewed. Narratives, semi-quantitative, and quantitative variables were extracted, tabulated, and analyzed.
resultsOut of 2330 drug-related deaths in Ontario, 58% were attributed either in whole or in part, to opioids (n = 1359). Oxycodone was involved in approximately one-third of all opioid-related deaths. At least 7% of the entire cohort used opioids that were prescribed for friends and/or family, 19% inappropriately self-administered opioids (injection, inhalation, chewed patch), 3% were recently released from jail, and 5% had been switched from one opioid to another near the time of death. Accidental deaths were significantly associated with personal history of substance abuse, enrollment in methadone maintenance programs, cirrhosis, hepatitis, and cocaine use. Suicides were significantly associated with mental illness, previous suicide attempts, chronic pain, and a history of cancer. SIGNIFICANCE/
conclusionThese results identify novel, susceptible groups of opioid-users whose cause of death was related to opioids in Ontario and provide the first evidence to assist in quantifying the contribution of opioid misuse and diversion amongst opioid-related mortality in Canada. Multifaceted prevention strategies need to be developed based on subpopulations of opioid users.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.